Identifier: anatomyphysiolog00walk (find matches)
Title: Anatomy, physiology and hygiene
Year: 1900 (1900s)
Authors: Walker, Jerome, 1845-
Subjects: Physiology Health
Publisher: Boston, Allyn and Bacon
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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ike a charm, and their superiority over alcoholicstimulants was very marked. 2 Lectures on the Action of Medicines, ISOT. THE KIDXEYS. of engineers were surveying in the Sierra Nevada. Theycamped at a great height above the sea level, where the air was very cold, and theywere miserable. Some ofthem drank a little whis-key, and felt less uncom-fortable ; some of themdrank a lot of whiskey,and went to bed feelingvery jolly and comfort-able indeed. But, in themorning, the men whohad not taken any whis-key got up all right ;those who had taken alittle whiskey got up feel-ing very unhappy ; themen who had taken a lotof whiskey did not getup at all. — they weresimply frozen to death.They had warmed the sur-face of the body at the expense of their internal organs. 87. The habitual use of tobacco, and sometimes the oc-casional use, tends to interfere with the nutrition of theskin, and is apt to make the face pale and unhealthy-looking. Opium and other narcotic drugs have a similar tendency.
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Fig. 38.Section of Kidney. (Geat.) II. THE KIDXEYS. 88. The Kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, lying inthe back of the abdomen, just under the diaphragm, one THE KIDNEYS. 89 on each side of the vertebral column. They are wellsupplied with blood-vessels, nerves, and lymphatics, andare composed of two parts, a cortical or outer portion, andan inner or medullary portion, made up of small tubesseparated by connective tissue and arranged in the formof pyramids. These tubes open at the apices of the pyra-mids into a cavity known as the pelvis, which connectswith the bladder by means of a long duct, the ureter.They are known as uriniferous tubules and are lined bya single layer of secreting cells. The outer end of eachtubule terminates in a dilation which contains a knot ofcapillary blood-vessels. 89. Function of the Kidneys. — The kidneys filter water,salts, and most of the urea from the blood. The urea isthe result of a final oxidation of the nitrogenous material of thebody, and, if not

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