Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwaþjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kwh₂et- (“to ferment, become sour”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxʷɑθ.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hwaþjaną

1. to foam

Inflection

Conjugation of *hwaþjaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hwaþjō	*hwaþjaų	—	*hwaþjai	?
2nd singular	*hwaþisi	*hwaþjais	*hwaþi	*hwaþjasai	*hwaþjaisau
3rd singular	*hwaþiþi	*hwaþjai	*hwaþjaþau	*hwaþjaþai	*hwaþjaiþau
1st dual	*hwaþjōs	*hwaþjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hwaþjaþiz	*hwaþjaiþiz	*hwaþjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hwaþjamaz	*hwaþjaim	—	*hwaþjanþai	*hwaþjainþau
2nd plural	*hwaþiþ	*hwaþjaiþ	*hwaþiþ	*hwaþjanþai	*hwaþjainþau
3rd plural	*hwaþjanþi	*hwaþjain	*hwaþjanþau	*hwaþjanþai	*hwaþjainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hwaþidǭ	*hwaþidēdį̄
2nd singular	*hwaþidēz	*hwaþidēdīz
3rd singular	*hwaþidē	*hwaþidēdī
1st dual	*hwaþidēdū	*hwaþidēdīw
2nd dual	*hwaþidēdudiz	*hwaþidēdīdiz
1st plural	*hwaþidēdum	*hwaþidēdīm
2nd plural	*hwaþidēdud	*hwaþidēdīd
3rd plural	*hwaþidēdun	*hwaþidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*hwaþjandz	*hwaþidaz

Descendants

• ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *hwaþrōn
  • Old English: hwaþerian, hwoþerian
• Gothic: 𐍈𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ƕaþjan)