Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ówHdʰr̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Noun

*h₁ówHdʰr̥ n

1. udder

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*h₁ówdʰr̥
genitive	*h₁uHdʰéns
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*h₁ówdʰr̥	—	—
vocative	*h₁ówdʰr̥	—	—
accusative	*h₁ówdʰr̥	—	—
genitive	*h₁uHdʰéns	—	—
ablative	*h₁uHdʰéns	—	—
dative	*h₁uHdʰéney	—	—
locative	*h₁uHdʰén, *h₁uHdʰéni	—	—
instrumental	*h₁uHdʰénh₁	—	—

Descendants

• Balto-Slavic:
  • Lithuanian: paū́drė (perhaps), ūdróti
  • Proto-Slavic: *vỳmę (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Germanic: *ūdarą (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic: *óutʰər
  • Ancient Greek: οὖθαρ (oûthar)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HúHdʰr̥
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HúHdʰr̥
    • Vedic Sanskrit: ऊधर् (ū́dhar)
  • Proto-Iranian: *HúHdr̥
    • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (δʾrk)
  • → Proto-Finno-Permic: *utare
    • Proto-Finnic: *udar (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Mordvinic:
      • Erzya: одар (odar)
      • Moksha: одар (odar)
• Proto-Italic: *ouðer
  • Latin: ūber (see there for further descendants)

See also

• *pstḗn

Further reading

• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “οὖθαρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1124-1125
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ūber”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 636
• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vỳmę”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, pages 534-535
• Derksen, Rick (2015) “paūdrė”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 346-347
• Derksen, Rick (2015) “ūdroti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 477
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “ū́dhar-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 240-241