Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂élyos
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European edit
Alternative reconstructions edit
- *ályos[1]
Etymology edit
From *h₂el- (“beyond, other”).
Determiner edit
*h₂élyos
Inflection edit
| Thematic pronominal | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *h₂élyos | *h₂élyeh₂ | |
| genitive | *h₂élyosyo | *h₂élyosyeh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₂élyos | *h₂élyoh₁ | *h₂élyoy |
| accusative | *h₂élyom | *h₂élyoh₁ | *h₂élyoms |
| genitive | *h₂élyosyo | *? | *h₂élyoysoHom |
| ablative | *h₂élyosmead | *? | *h₂élyoymos |
| dative | *h₂élyosmey | *? | *h₂élyoymos |
| locative | *h₂élyosmi | *? | *h₂élyoysu |
| instrumental | *h₂élyonoh₁ | *? | *h₂élyōys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₂élyeh₂ | *? | *h₂élyeh₂es |
| accusative | *h₂élyām | *? | *h₂élyeh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *h₂élyosyeh₂s | *? | *h₂élyeh₂soHom |
| ablative | *h₂élyosyeh₂s | *? | *h₂élyeh₂mos |
| dative | *h₂élyosyeh₂ey | *? | *h₂élyeh₂mos |
| locative | *h₂élyosyeh₂ | *? | *h₂élyeh₂su |
| instrumental | *h₂élyeh₂(e)h₁ | *? | *h₂élyeh₂mis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₂élyod | *h₂élyoy | *h₂élyeh₂ |
| accusative | *h₂élyod | *h₂élyoy | *h₂élyeh₂ |
| genitive | *h₂élyosyo | *? | *h₂élyoysoHom |
| ablative | *h₂élyosmead | *? | *h₂élyoymos |
| dative | *h₂élyosmey | *? | *h₂élyoymos |
| locative | *h₂élyosmi | *? | *h₂élyoysu |
| instrumental | *h₂élyonoh₁ | *? | *h₂élyōys |
Descendants edit
- Armenian:
- Proto-Celtic: *alyos (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *aljaz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *áľľos (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *aljos
- Latin: alius
- Proto-Tocharian: *ālye-
References edit
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “ālyauce”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 60–61
Further reading edit
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 25, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 25