Proto-Iranian
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Etymology
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From Proto-Indo-Iranian *daywás (“god”).
*daywáh m
- demon; malevolent being
Inflection
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masculine a-stem
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singular
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dual
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plural
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nominative
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*daywáh
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*daywā́
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*daywā́
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vocative
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*daywa
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*daywā́
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*daywā́
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accusative
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*daywám
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*daywā́
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*daywā́nh
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instrumental
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*daywā́
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*daywáybyaH
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*daywā́yš
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ablative
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*daywā́t
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*daywáybyaH
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*daywáybyah
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dative
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*daywā́y
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*daywáybyaH
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*daywáybyah
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genitive
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*daywáhya
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*daywáyāh
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*daywā́nam
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locative
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*daywáy
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*daywáyaw
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*daywáyšu
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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- Central Iranian:
- Northeastern Iranian:
- Proto-Scythian:
- Khotanese: [script needed] (dyū, “demon”)
- Ossetian: [Term?] (“evil spirit”)
- Digor Ossetian: ӕудеу (æwdew)
- Iron Ossetian: ӕудиу (æwdiw)
- Sogdian: [Term?] (“demon; unreliable person”)
- Sogdian script: [script needed] (δyw /δēw/),
- Manichaean script: 𐫔𐫏𐫇 (δyw /δēw/),
- Syriac script: ܕܝܘ (dyw /δēw/)
- → Persian: لیوه (live, “unreliable, lier person”)
- Southeastern Iranian:
- Ishkashimi: [script needed] (lew, “a night-mare, a night-spectre that eats people”)
- Pashto: دېو (dew) (perhaps borrowed from Persian), دېب (deb)
- Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: دیو (dêw)
- Kurdish:
- Central Kurdish: دێو (dêw)
- Northern Kurdish: dêw
- Southern Kurdish: دێو (dêw)
- Laki: دێڤ (dêv)
- Proto-Medo-Parthian: *daywə́h
- Caspian:
- Old Mazanderani: دیب (dēb, “demon”)
- Mazanderani: دب (deb), دو (dev)
- Gilaki: یوها (yuhā, “demon”) (perhaps)
- Parthian:
- Manichaean script: 𐫅𐫏𐫇 (dyw /dēw/, “demon”)
- → Aghwan: 𐔳𐔴𐕡 (dew), 𐔳𐔴𐕛 (dev)
- → Old Armenian: դև (dew)
- → Old Georgian: დევი (devi)
- ⇒ Parthian:
- Manichaean script: 𐫅𐫏𐫇𐫃 (dywg /dēwag/, “insect; worm, vermin”)
- → Persian: دیوک (divak, “worm; insect; bug; toxic mushroom”), دیوه (dīve, “silk worm”)
- Old Tati:
- Old Azari: دیو (dēw)
- Zazaki: dêw, dêb, dyêb
- Southwestern Iranian:
- Old Persian: 𐎭𐎡𐎺 (d-i-v /daivaʰ/)
- Middle Persian:
- Manichaean script: 𐫅𐫏𐫇 (dyw /dēw/, “evil spirit, demon”)
- Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ŠDYA /dēw/, “evil spirit, demon”)
- Classical Persian:
- → Arabic: دِيُوهَا (diyūhā)
- → Ottoman Turkish: دیو (div)
- → Urdu: دیو (dīv)
- Iranian Persian: دیو (div, “demon”)
- ⇒ Middle Persian:
- Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (dywwk' /dēwōg/, “leech”)
- Persian: دیوک (divok, divak, “leech”)
- → Aramaic: דיוא (daywā)
- Classical Syriac: ܕܝܘܐ (daywā)