Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/náwah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *náwas from Proto-Indo-European *néwos.

Adjective edit

*náwah

new

Derived terms edit

Proto-Iranian: *náwākah
- Sogdian: (/⁠nawāk(u)⁠/)
  Sogdian script: [script needed] (nwʾk), [script needed] (nwʾkw)
  
  Syriac script: ܢܘܐݎ (nwʾk), ܢܘܐݎܘ (nwʾkw)
- Parthian: (/⁠nawāg⁠/)
  Manichaean script: 𐫗𐫇𐫀𐫃 (nwʾg)

Descendants edit

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬥𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀 (nauua)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Proto-Scythian:
  - Ossetian:
    Digor Ossetian: нӕуӕг (næwæg)
    
    Iron Ossetian: ног (nog)
- Proto-Saka-Wakhi:
  - Khotanese: [script needed] (navaka), [script needed] (nūvara)
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
  - Bactrian: νωγο (nōgo /⁠nōg⁠/), ναγο (nago /⁠nag⁠/)
  - Khwarezmian: انوک (ʾnwk /⁠*ənōk⁠/), نوڅ (nwc /⁠*nōc, *naw^ac⁠/), نوک (nwk /⁠*nōk, *naw^ak⁠/), نویک (nwyk /⁠*nawē(k)⁠/)
  - Proto-Sogdic:
    - Sogdian: (/⁠nawē, nōč⁠/)
      Sogdian script: [script needed] (nwʾy), [script needed] (nwyh), [script needed] (nwc)
      
      Manichaean script: 𐫗𐫇𐫏𐫏 (nwyy)
      
      Syriac script: ܢܘܐܝ (nwʾy), ܢܘܝܗ (nwyh), ܢܘܨ (nwc)
    - Yagnobi: нава (nava)
Southeastern Iranian:
- Pashto: نوی (në́vay, návay)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: نوک (nōk) (> *navaka)
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: نوێ (nwê /⁠niwē⁠/)
  
  Northern Kurdish: nû (/⁠nū⁠/)
  
  Southern Kurdish: نۊ (nü /⁠nü⁠/)
- Proto-Medo-Parthian:
  - Caspian:
    - Gilaki: نو (no)
    - Mazanderani: نو (nu)
  - Parthian: (/⁠nōg ~ *nawag⁠/) (> *navaka)
    Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭍𐭅𐭊 (nwk)
    - → Old Armenian: նաւա- (nawa-) (e.g.:նաւա-կատիք (nawa-katikʻ), նաւա-սարդ (nawa-sard))
  - Zaza-Gorani:
    - Gurani: نۆ (no /⁠nō⁠/)
    - Zazaki: newe (/⁠nawa⁠/)
Southwestern Iranian:
- Old Persian: 𐎴𐎺 (n-v /⁠*nava⁠/)
  - Middle Persian: (/⁠nōg⁠/) (> *navaka)
    Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭭𐭥𐭪𐭩 (nwky)
    
    Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (nwk')
    
    Manichaean script: 𐫗𐫇𐫃 (nwg)
    - Classical Persian: نو (naw)
      Dari: نو (naw)
      
      Iranian Persian: نو (now)
      
      Tajik: нав (nav)