Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/nena-

This Proto-Kartvelian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Kartvelian

Etymology

A nursery term.

Noun

*nena-

1. mother

   Synonym: *ded-

   Antonym: *mam-

Descendants

• Proto-Georgian-Zan:
  • Georgian: ნენაი (nenai, “mother”), ნენაჲ (nenay, “grandmother, mother”)
  • Zan:
    • Laz: ნანა (nana, “mother”)
    • Mingrelian: ნანა (nana, “mother”)
• ⇒ Svan: ნანა̈გ (nanäg, “mother's native village; mother's house”)

References

• Čikobava, Arnold (1938) Č̣anur-megrul-kartuli šedarebiti leksiḳoni [Laz–Megrel–Georgian Comparative Dictionary] (Works; IV) (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Arnold Chikobava Institute of Linguistics, published 2008, page 36―39
• Klimov, G. A. (1964) “*nana-”, in Этимологический словарь картвельских языков [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Academy Press, page 146, reconstructs Proto-Georgian-Zan *nana- without the connection to Georgian and Svan
• Klimov, G. A. (1998) “*nana-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 137―138
• Penrixi (Fähnrich), Hainc, Sarǯvelaʒe, Zurab (2000) “*nena-”, in Kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), 2nd edition, Tbilisi: Tbilisi Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani State University Press, page 358
• Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) “*nena-”, in Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 319
• Čuxua, Merab (2000–2003) “*nena-”, in Kartvelur ena-ḳilota šedarebiti leksiḳoni [The Kartvelian Comparative Dictionary] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Universali, page 164―165, adds the Svan word