Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔasīr-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

Compare *ʔasar-.

Noun

*ʔasīr- m

1. captive

Inflection

Declension of *ʔasīr-

Case	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*ʔasīrum	*ʔasīrāna	plural stem + *-ūna
Genitive	*ʔasīrim	*ʔasīrayna	plural stem + *-īna
Accusative	*ʔasīram
possessive forms
1st person	*ʔasīrī / *ʔasīrVya	—	*ʔasīrVni
2nd person m	*ʔasīrVka	*ʔasīrVkumā / *ʔasīrVkumay	*ʔasīrVkum(ū)
2nd person f	*ʔasīrVki		*ʔasīrVkin(ā)
3rd person m	*ʔasīrVšu	*ʔasīrVšumā / *ʔasīrVšumay	*ʔasīrVšum(ū)
3rd person f	*ʔasīrVša		*ʔasīrVšin(ā)
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔasīruya for nom. case, *ʔasīriya for gen. case, *ʔasīraya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ʔasīr- Singular Dual Plural Nominative *ʔasīruka *ʔasīrāka plural stem + *-ūka Genitive *ʔasīrika *ʔasīrayka plural stem + *-īka Accusative *ʔasīraka Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ʔasīr- Singular Dual Plural Nominative *ʔasīruki *ʔasīrāki plural stem + *-ūki Genitive *ʔasīriki *ʔasīrayki plural stem + *-īki Accusative *ʔasīraki

Descendants

• East Semitic:
  • Akkadian: 𒀀𒋛𒊒 (asīrum)
    • → Hurrian: 𒊍𒋛𒊑 (as-si-ri /⁠assiri⁠/)
• West Semitic:
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: أَسِير (ʔasīr) (see there for further descendants)
    • Northwest Semitic:
      • Aramaic:
        • Classical Syriac: ܐܰܣܺܝܪܳܐ (ʾasīrā)
      • Canaanite:
        • Hebrew: אָסִיר (asír, ʾāsîr)
      • Ugaritic: 𐎀𐎒𐎗 (ảsr /⁠ʾasīru⁠/)
  • Ethiopian Semitic:
    • Amharic: እስር (ʾəsr)
    • Tigrinya: እሱር (ʾəsur)