Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ḏaḳan-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic edit

Etymology edit

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “From Proto-Afroasiatic [Term?]? See [1]. Not sure if reliable. The Western Chadic cognates do seem plausible.”

Noun edit

*ḏaḳan-

beard

Inflection edit

Declension of *ḏaḳan-

Case

Singular

Dual

Plural

Nominative

*ḏaḳanum

*ḏaḳanāna

plural stem + *-ūna

Genitive

*ḏaḳanim

*ḏaḳanayna

plural stem + *-īna

Accusative

*ḏaḳanam

possessive forms

1st person

*ḏaḳanī / *ḏaḳanVya

—

*ḏaḳanVni

2nd person m

*ḏaḳanVka

*ḏaḳanVkumā / *ḏaḳanVkumay

*ḏaḳanVkum(ū)

2nd person f

*ḏaḳanVki

*ḏaḳanVkin(ā)

3rd person m

*ḏaḳanVšu

*ḏaḳanVšumā / *ḏaḳanVšumay

*ḏaḳanVšum(ū)

3rd person f

*ḏaḳanVša

*ḏaḳanVšin(ā)

Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.

Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ḏaḳanuya for nom. case, *ḏaḳaniya for gen. case, *ḏaḳanaya for acc. case, etc.

Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ḏaḳan-

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*ḏaḳanuka	*ḏaḳanāka	plural stem + *-ūka
Genitive	*ḏaḳanika	*ḏaḳanayka	plural stem + *-īka
Accusative	*ḏaḳanaka	*ḏaḳanayka	plural stem + *-īka

Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ḏaḳan-

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*ḏaḳanuki	*ḏaḳanāki	plural stem + *-ūki
Genitive	*ḏaḳaniki	*ḏaḳanayki	plural stem + *-īki
Accusative	*ḏaḳanaki	*ḏaḳanayki	plural stem + *-īki

Descendants edit

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒅾 (ziqnum, “beard”)
- Eblaite: 𒊭𒂵𒈝 (ša-ga-núm /⁠daqanum⁠/), 𒊭𒄖𒉡𒌝 (ša-gu-nu-um /⁠daqūnum⁠/) = Sumerian 𒋗𒆕 (SU₆.DÙ)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: ذَقَن (‬ḏaqan), ذِقْن (ḏiqn, “chin”)
    - Hijazi Arabic: ذِقِن (digin, “beard, chin”)
    - Maltese: daqna (“beard”)
  - Northwest Semitic:
    - Aramaic: דִּקְנָא (diqnā), דִּיקְנָא (dīqnā, “beard; chin”)
      - Classical Syriac: ܕܻ݁ܩܢܳܐ (diqnā, “beard”)
    - Canaanite:
      - Hebrew: זָקָן (zakán, zāqān, “beard”)
      - Phoenician: 𐤆𐤒𐤍 (zqn, “beard”)
    - Ugaritic: 𐎄𐎖𐎐 (dqn /⁠daqanu⁠/, “beard; chin”)
- South Semitic:
  - Soqotri: díḳehon, dóḳehan, dáḳehan, də́ḳhɔn