Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/četvьrgъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ketwirgas, derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwr̥-. Cognate with Lithuanian ketvérgis (“four-year”), dialectal ketvérgė (“20 kopecks coin”). Compare Samogitian ketvergs (“Thursday”) – borrowed from Slavic languages?

Noun edit

*četvьrgъ m^[1]^[2]

(originally) pertaining to four
(East Slavic) Thursday

Declension edit

Declension of *četvьrgъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*četvьrgъ	*četvьrga	*četvьrdzi
genitive	*četvьrga	*četvьrgu	*četvьrgъ
dative	*četvьrgu	*četvьrgoma	*četvьrgomъ
accusative	*četvьrgъ	*četvьrga	*četvьrgy
instrumental	četvьrgъmь, četvьrgomь^*	*četvьrgoma	*četvьrgy
locative	*četvьrdzě	*četvьrgu	*četvьrdzěxъ
vocative	*četvьrže	*četvьrga	*četvьrdzi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms edit

*četvьrtъ (“fourth”)

Descendants edit

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: четвьргъ (četvĭrgŭ), четвьркъ (četvĭrkŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: четвергъ (četverh), четверкъ (četverk), четверъ (četver), чотвергъ (čotverh)
    - Belarusian: чацве́р (čacvjér), (dialectal) че́цве́р (čjécvjér), чэ́цьвяр (čécʹvjar)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: четве́рь (četvérʹ)
    - Ukrainian: четве́р (četvér)
    - → Lithuanian: četver̃gas
  - Russian: четве́рг (četvérg), (dialectal) четве́рик (četvérik)
- Old Novgorodian: цетвьрге (cetvĭrge)

References edit

^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*četvьrgъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 94
^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “četvŕ̥gъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 182

Further reading edit

Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2012), “четвер”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 6 (У – Я), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 313: “псл. *četvꙺr̥gъ ― psl. *četvꙺr̥g”
Vasmer, Max (1973) “четве́рг”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 4 (Т – Ящур), Moscow: Progress, page 351: “праслав. *četvьrgъ ― praslav. *četvʹrg”

[1] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*četvьrgъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 94

[2] Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “četvŕ̥gъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 182

[1]

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