Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/borniti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *bornь (“defence”) +‎ *-iti.

Verb

*bornìti impf (perfective *borněvati)

1. to defend, to protect

Inflection

Conjugation of *borniti, *borni, *bornitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*borňenьje	*borniti	*bornitъ	*bornilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*borňenъ	*bornimъ
Active	*borňь	*bornę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*bornixъ	*borni	*borni	*borňǫ	*borniši	*bornitь
Dual	*bornixově	*bornista	*borniste	*bornivě	*bornita	*bornite
Plural	*bornixomъ	*borniste	*bornišę	*bornimъ	*bornite	*bornętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*borňaaxъ	*borňaaše	*borňaaše	—	*borni	*borni
Dual	*borňaaxově	*borňaašeta	*borňaašete	*bornivě	*bornita	—
Plural	*borňaaxomъ	*borňaašete	*borňaaxǫ	*bornimъ	*bornite	—

Notes:
• (*)*bornivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms

• *bornišče (“protected area, forest”)
• *borniteľь (“defender”)
• *vъzborniti (“to interdict”)
• *zaborniti (“to forbid”)
• *otъborniti (“to defend, to stand up for”)
• *oborniti (“to defend”)
  • *oborna (“defence”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old Ruthenian: борони́ти (boroníti)
    • Ukrainian: борони́ти (boronýty)
  • Russian: борони́ть (boronítʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: бра́ня (bránja)
  • Macedonian: брани (brani)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: бранити

    Latin script: braniti

  • Slovene: branīti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: brániti
    • Czech: bránit
  • Kashubian: bronic
  • Polish: bronić

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “боронить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*borniti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 207
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “браня”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 74