Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kakati
Proto-Slavic edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kākā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *kak(k)-eh₂-yé-ti, from *kakka- (“to defecate”). Baltic cognates include Latvian kākāt, kakāt, Lithuanian kakóti. Other Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek κακκάω (kakkáō, “to defecate”), κάκκη (kákkē, “dung, excrement”), Latin cacō (“defecate”), cacāre (“to shit”), Old Irish cacc, Middle Irish caccaim, German kacken, Middle English cakken, English cack, Old Armenian քակոր (kʻakor), Middle Armenian քաք (kʻakʻ).
Verb edit
*kàkati impf
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of *kakati, *kaka, *kakajetь (?, -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*kakanьje | *kakati | *kakatъ | *kakalъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *kakanъ | *kakajemъ |
Active | *kakavъ | *kakaję |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *kakaxъ | *kaka | *kaka | *kakajǫ | *kakaješi | *kakajetь |
Dual | *kakaxově | *kakasta | *kakaste | *kakajevě | *kakajeta | *kakajete |
Plural | *kakaxomъ | *kakaste | *kakašę | *kakajemъ | *kakajete | *kakajǫtь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *kakaaxъ | *kakaaše | *kakaaše | — | *kakaji | *kakaji |
Dual | *kakaaxově | *kakaašeta | *kakaašete | *kakajivě | *kakajita | — |
Plural | *kakaaxomъ | *kakaašete | *kakaaxǫ | *kakajimъ | *kakajite | — |
Related terms edit
- *kàka (“excrement”)
Descendants edit
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading edit
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kakati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 117
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “ка́кати”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 344
- Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1972–1982) “ка́кати”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 2 (Д – Ь), Ottawa: Ukrainian Mohylo-Mazepian Academy of Sciences; Ukrainian Language Association, →LCCN, page 607
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “ка́кам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 150
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “kākati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*ka̋kati”
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ка́кать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress