Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/runo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Formed as *ruti (“to delve, to pluck”) +‎ *-no, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)row-(m)no-, from *Hrew- (“to tear, to dig”). Cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hráwma.

Noun

*rūnò n

1. fleece

Declension

Declension of *rūnò (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*rūnò	*rũně	*rūnà
genitive	*rūnà	*rūnù	*rũnъ
dative	*rūnù	*rūnòma	*rūnòmъ
accusative	*rūnò	*rũně	*rūnà
instrumental	*rūnъ̀mь, *rūnòmь*	*rūnòma	*rũny
locative	*rūně̀	*rūnù	*rũněxъ
vocative	*rūnò	*rũně	*rūnà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *runьnъ, *runěstъ (“pertaining to fleece”)
• *runьta (“sheep's fur, shabby hair”)

Related terms

• *rukъ (“source of motion”) (possibly)
• *ruta, *rutišče (“rug, cloth, fabric”)
• *ruxo (“cloth, gawn”)
• *rǫdъ (“frizzy, curly (for wool)”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: руно (runo)
  • Belarusian: ру́но (rúno)
  • Russian: руно́ (runó)
  • Ukrainian: ру́но (rúno)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: руно (runo)

    Glagolitic script: rⱆⱀⱁ (runo)

  • Bulgarian: ру́но (rúno)
  • Macedonian: руно (runo)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ру̑но

    Latin script: rȗno

  • Slovene: rúno (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: rúno
    • Czech: rouno
  • Polish: runo
  • Slovak: rúno

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “руно́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “руно”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 344