Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vojevoda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *vojь (“warrior”) +‎ *-e- +‎ *voda (“lead, conduct”).

Noun

*vojevoda m

1. chief, commander

Declension

Declension of *vojevoda (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vojevoda	*vojevodě	*vojevody
genitive	*vojevody	*vojevodu	*vojevodъ
dative	*vojevodě	*vojevodama	*vojevodamъ
accusative	*vojevodǫ	*vojevodě	*vojevody
instrumental	*vojevodojǫ, *vojevodǫ**	*vojevodama	*vojevodami
locative	*vojevodě	*vojevodu	*vojevodasъ, *vojevodaxъ*
vocative	*vojevodo	*vojevodě	*vojevody

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: воевода (voevoda)
    • Old Ruthenian: воєвода (vojevoda)
      • Belarusian: ваяво́да (vajavóda)
      • Ukrainian: воєво́да (vojevóda)
    • Russian: воево́да (vojevóda)
  • Old Novgorodian: воѥвода (vojevoda)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: воѥвода (vojevoda)

    Glagolitic script: ⰲⱁⰻⰵⰲⱁⰴⰰ (voievoda)

  • Bulgarian: войво́да (vojvóda)
  • Macedonian: војвода (vojvoda)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: во̀јвода (> Војводина)

    Latin script: vòjvoda (> Vojvodina)

    • → English: Vojvodina
  • Slovene: vọ̑jvoda (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: vévoda, vývoda, vejvoda
    • Czech: vévoda; vejvoda (archaic); vývoda (obsolete)
  • Kashubian: wòjewòda
  • Polabian: våjvåda
  • Old Polish: wojewoda, wojwoda
    • Polish: wojewoda
    • → Old Lithuanian: vaivadà, vaivoda
      • Lithuanian: vaivada
    • Silesian: wojewoda
  • Slovak: vojvoda
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: wójwoda
    • Upper Sorbian: wójwoda

• Non-Slavic:
  • → English: voivode
  • → Finnish: voivodi
  • → French: voïvode
  • → German: Wojewode, Woiwode
  • → Hungarian: vajda
  • → Latin: voivoda
  • → Romanian: voievod
  • → Ottoman Turkish: ویوده (voyvoda, vayvoda), ویوودا, ویووده (voyvoda, vayvoda)
    • Turkish: voyvoda, vayvoda

Further reading

• Martynaŭ, V. U., Tsykhun, G. A., editors (1978–2017), “ваявода”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka
• Machek, Václav (1968) “vévoda”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague: Academia, page 687
• Rejzek, Jiří (2001) “vévoda”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 1st edition, Voznice: LEDA, →ISBN, page 748
• Králik, Ľubor (2016) “vojvoda”, in Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny [Concise Etymological Dictionary of Slovak] (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV, →ISBN, page 666