Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/adïg

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Nişanyan suggests that this is a tabooistic usage of *ādïg (“sober”), however no other linguist suggests such a derivation. His comparison with Proto-Mongolic *ötegen (“father; bear”) is also unfounded, as the Mongolic word is from Proto-Mongolic *öte- (“to get old”) whence also Proto-Mongolic *ötel- (“to get old”) and as such unrelated to Turkic.

Noun

*adïg

1. (Common Turkic) bear

Declension

Declension of *adïg (Common Turkic)

	singular	plural2)
nominative	*adïg	*adïglar
accusative
genitive	*adïgnïŋ	*adïglarnïŋ
dative	*adïgka	*adïglarka
locative	*adïgda	*adïglarda
ablative	*adïgdan	*adïglardan
instrumental1)		*adïglarïn
equative1)	*adïgča	*adïglarča

¹⁾The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Common Turkic:

• Proto-Oghuz: *ayï
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (ayı)
      • Azerbaijani: ayı
      • Ottoman Turkish: آیی (ayı)
        • Gagauz: ayı
        • Turkish: ayı
  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: aýy
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: اَذِغْ (aδïɣ)
    • Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (aδïɣ) [script needed] (ayïq)
      • Chagatai: آيق (ayıq)
        • Uzbek: ayiq
        • Uyghur: ئېيىق (ëyiq)
• Kipchak:
  • Kipchak: ايو (ayıw)
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: ayuv
      • Karachay-Balkar: айю (ayü) айыу (ayıu)
      • Karaim: ayuv
      • Kumyk: аюв (ayuw)
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: айыу (ayıw)
      • Tatar: аю (ayu)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Caspian:
        • Karakalpak: ayıw
        • Kazakh: аю (aü)
        • Nogai: аюв (ayuv)
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
        • Kyrgyz: аюу (ayuu)
        • Southern Altai: айу (ayu)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐰑𐰍 (adïɣ)
    • Old Uyghur:
      • → Salar: atıq
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tuvan: адыг (adıg)
    • Yeniseian Turkic:
      • Khakas: азығ (azığ)

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “aḏığ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 45
• al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943
• Eren, Hasan (1999) “ayı”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 28
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ayı”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 112
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 6