Template:ilo-noun/documentation
Documentation edit
Ilocano noun headword template. This template can handle plural forms other than the default usually indicated by plural articles or demonstratives, such as dagiti or kadagiti.
Parameters edit
|1=- Headword with diacritics for pronunciation. Otherwise, this defaults to the page name.
|pl=- Plural form, where not formed by adding plural articles or demonstratives but by morphological modification (partial reduplication or
consonant gemination). [Pluralization guide below]
Pluralization Guide edit
The guide below is based on A Reference Grammar of Ilocano by Carl Rubino.[1]
To make the plural or distributive form of an Ilocano noun, use CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant) reduplication of the initial consonant-vowel-consonant sound sequence of the noun. Nouns that start with a vowel have an inherent glottal stop (/ʔ/). Pluralize these nouns by reduplicating the initial glottal stop, the vowel, and the following consonant. Note that glottal stops at the beginning of a word are unwritten but glottal stops between a vowel and consonant are written with a hyphen (-).
| Singular | Plural/Distributive | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| sabong | sabsabong | flowers |
| kayo | kaykayo | trees |
| balay | balbalay | houses |
| mata | matmata | eyes |
| aso (/ʔa.so/) | as-aso (/ʔas.ʔa.so/) | dogs |
| itlog (/ʔit.log/) | it-itlog (/ʔit.ʔit.log/) | eggs |
| uleg (/ʔu.lɯg/) | ul-uleg (/ʔul.ʔu.lɯg/) | snakes |
If the noun begins with a CVV (consonant-vowel-vowel) sound sequence, reduplicate only the initial consonant and vowel of the noun.
| Singular | Plural/Distributive | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| nuang | nunuang | water buffalos |
| biag | bibiag | lives |
| ruangan | ruruangan | doors/gates |
| guardia | guguardia | guards |
| diario | didiario | newspapers |
Many nouns such as kin and relationship terms are pluralized by CV (consonant-vowel) reduplication.
| Singular | Plural/Distributive | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| gayyem | gagayyem | friends |
| kabsat | kakabsat | siblings |
| ikit | iikit | aunts |
| uliteg | uuliteg | uncles |
| kailian | kakailian | townmates |
| kaaruba | kakaaruba | neighbors |
| baknang | babaknang | rich men |
Other kin terms only germinate, or double, the first consonant of the second syllable of the noun.
| Singular | Plural/Distributive | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| anak | annak | children |
| ama | amma | fathers |
| ina | inna | mothers |
| lalaki | lallaki | men |
| babai | babbai | women |
| ubing | ubbing | children (young people) |
| asawa | assawa | spouses |
Some common nouns referring to people or animate beings have irregular plurals.
| Singular | Plural/Distributive | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| tao | tattao | people |
| baro | babbaro | young men, bachelors |
| balasang | babbalasang | young women, maidens |
| balo | babbalo | widows, widowers |
| baket | babbaket | old women |
| lakay | lallakay | old men |
Usage examples edit
For balay: {{ilo-noun|balay}}
which creates:
balay
For kayong: {{ilo-noun|kayong|pl=kakayong}}
which creates:
kayong (plural kakayong)
For ima: {{ilo-noun|ima|pl=im-ima}}
which creates:
ima (plural uim-ima)
For ubing: {{ilo-noun|ima|pl=ubbing}}
which creates:
ubbing (plural ubbing)
For lalaki: {{ilo-noun|lalaki|pl=lallaki}}
which creates:
lalaki (plural lallaki)
References edit
- ^ Rubino, C. R. G. (1997). A Reference Grammar of Ilocano. UMI Company.