User:Holodwig21/Celtiberian

This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Celtiberian edit

Word list edit

This is or will be a list of attested Celtiberian Words, which I will not be adding right at the moment (maybe in the far-flung future); however, this is going to be different. I intend to gather all attested Celtiberian words, independently if they are inflected or not, since Celtiberian is "badly" attested this list could be controversial.

A edit

Abulu (personal name) from Proto-Celtic *abulos???
Abulei (“at Abulos”) (locative singular) from Proto-Celtic *abulos???
Abulokum (“of the *Abulokoi”) (genetive plural) from Proto-Celtic *abulos??? + Proto-Celtic *-kos
aia from ?
aias (genetive singular) from ?
Akainas (“from Akaina”) (ablative singular) from ?
Alaskum (“of the *Alaskoi”) (family name, genitive plural) from Proto-Celtic *ala- + Proto-Celtic *-skos
ambi- (“around”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *ambi-
ambi-tiseti (“?”) (verb, 3rd person present?) from Proto-Celtic *ambi- + Proto-Celtic *tiseti (“?”)?
arei (“?”) (Preposition) from ??? Cognate with Old Irish air- and Gaulish are-
Are-korata (toponymic) from Proto-Celtic *ɸare- (“in front of”) + Proto-Celtic *korata (“?”)?
Arekoratakubos (endonym) (dative plural) from Proto-Celtic *ɸare- (“in front of”) + Proto-Celtic *korata (“?”)?
Arkato-bezom (“silver mine?”) from Proto-Celtic *arkatom (“silver”) + Proto-Celtic *bedom (“bed”)
arsnas (“?”) (accusative singular) from ???
ati- (“re-, again?”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *ati- (“re-, again, second, further”) Cognate with Old Irish aith- and Gaulish ate-
ati-bion (“?”)
aualo (genitive singular) from ???
aualos (nominative singular) from ???

B edit

Biulakos (personal name) from Proto-Celtic *biulas (“?”)? + Proto-Celtic *-kos?
Biurtilaur (personal name?, verb?) from ????
Bintis (“bindis?”) (nominative singular)
Bergunetakam (“Bergunetaka”) (toponymic, accusative singular)
Belikios (“Belgian,”) (ethnonym) from same source of Latin Belgae + Proto-Celtic *-kios?
boustom (“stable”) from Proto-Celtic *bāus (“cow”) + Proto-Celtic *stom

D edit

Dēobriga? (toponymic) from Proto-Celtic *dēwos (“god”) + Proto-Celtic *brixs (“hill”) <No d>t?

E edit

Eburi? (personal name, genitive) from Proto-Celtic *eburos (“yew”) + ?
Ebur-sunos? (personal name) from Proto-Celtic *eburos (“yew”) + Proto-Celtic *sunos (“son”)?
Ekua-laku (personal name or toponym, possibly instrumental singular) from Proto-Celtic *ekwos (“horse”) + Proto-Celtic *lakos (“?”)?
entara (“between, within”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *enter (“between”)
eni (“at”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *eni (“at”)
es (“out of, from”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *exs (“out of, from”)
es- (“out of, from”) (Preposition) from Proto-Celtic *exs (“out of, from”)
es-ankios (“?”) (?) from Proto-Celtic *exs (“out of, from”) + Proto-Celtic *ankios (“?”)

I edit

ia (“which”) (nominative and accusative plural neuter)
iam (“which”) (accusative singular feminine)
ias (“which”) (Genitive singular or accusative plural)
ios (“which”)
iom (“which”) (accusative singular) from Proto-Celtic *yo (“which”)
iomui (“to which”) (dative singular)

K edit

kabizeti (“(s)he takes/holds”) (3rd Person present) from Proto-Celtic *gabyeti (“to take, hold”)
Kaikokum (“of the *Kaikokoi”) (genitive plural, family or tribal name?) from Proto-Celtic *kaikos + Proto-Celtic *-kos
kombalkez (“?”) (Ablative singular?) from ?
Kolounioku (personal name or toponym, possibly instrumental) from ?
kamanom (“?”) from Proto-Celtic *kanxsman (“step, act of stepping”)
kantom (“hundred”) from Proto-Celtic *kantom (“hundred”)
kar (abreviated) from Proto-Celtic *kareti (“to love”)
Kar- (personal name preffix) from Proto-Celtic *kareti (“to love”)
*Katuenos (personal name) perhaps from Proto-Celtic *katus (“battle”) + Proto-Celtic *-enos? attested as Catuenus likely in Latin
Kentis (“son”) from Proto-Celtic *gentis (“son”)
Con-trebia, Kon-trebia (toponym of various places in Hispania) from Proto-Celtic *kon + Proto-Celtic *trebā (“tribe”) + Proto-Celtic *-yā
kuati (“?”) (3rd person present) from Proto-Celtic *kwati?
kustaikos (“?”) from Proto-Celtic *kustaikos?
-kue (“and”) (Conjunction) from Proto-Celtic *-kʷe (“and”)

L edit

launī (“wife, lady?”) from Proto-Celtic *wlamnī
Letontunos (“of the Letontunu?”) (personal name, genetive singular) from ?
Litanokum (“of the *Litanokoi”) (family name, genetive plural) from Proto-Celtic *ɸlitanos Proto-Celtic *-kos
Lousokum (“of the *Lousokoi”) (genitive plural) from Proto-Celtic *lousos + Proto-Celtic *-kos
Luguei (“Lugh”) (Dative singular) from Proto-Celtic *Lugus

M edit

maro-mizom (?) from Proto-Celtic *māros + Proto-Celtic *midos (“?”)?
matus (“months”) (accusative plural) should be from Proto-Celtic *mīns (“month”) but the phonetic transformation would be odd
mātrubos (“to the mothers?”) (Dative plural) from Proto-Celtic *mātīr (“mother”)
Mezu-kenos (personal name) from Proto-Celtic *Medugenos, Cognate with Gaulish Medugenos, Primitive Irish [script needed] (Meddogeni) and Old Welsh Medgen.

N edit

namato (“enemy?”) from Proto-Celtic *namants (“enemy?”) Cognate with Old Irish námae and Gaulish *Namantobogios attested as Namantobogius
ne- (“not”) (Negative particle) from Proto-Celtic *ne (“not”)
ne-bintor (“should not be hit”) (3rd Person Imperative middle) from Proto-Celtic *binati (“to strike”)
nekue (“not”) (Negative particle) from Proto-Celtic *ne (“not”) + Proto-Celtic *-kʷe (“and”)
ne-litom (“they forbid, prohibit?”) (3rd Person plural past?) from Proto-Celtic *liteti (“?”)?
*nemezom (“sanctuary, metting place?”) (toponymic) from Proto-Celtic *nemetom (“sanctuary”) attested as nemedo- in a Latin context
Nemeto-briga possibly Nemezobris (toponymic) from Proto-Celtic *nemetom (“sanctuary”) + Proto-Celtic *brixs (“hill”)
Nerto-bi(s) or *Nertobris (toponymic) from Proto-Celtic *nertom (“strength, force”) + Proto-Celtic *brixs (“hill”) the location known as Nertobriga
nou-iza from Proto-Celtic *nowyos (“new”) + Proto-Celtic *ida (“?”)?

O edit

Oilaunu (personal name or toponym, possibly instrumental) from ?

R edit

Retu-keno (genitive singular, personal name) from Proto-Celtic *Rextugenos, Cognate with Gaulish Rextugenos, essentially *rextus +‎ *genos

S edit

sankilistra (Acussative plural) from ?
Sarnikiei (“at Sarnikiom”) (Locative singular) from Proto-Celtic *sarnis (“?”)? + Proto-Celtic *kios (“?”)?
Sarnikio (“of Sarnikiom”) (Genative singular) from Proto-Celtic *sarnis (“?”)? + Proto-Celtic *kios (“?”)?
Segisama (“Segisama”) (toponym) from Proto-Celtic *segos (“force”) + Proto-Celtic *isamos (“forms superlative adjectives”)
Sekobirikez (“from Segobriga”) (Ablative singular, toponym) from Proto-Celtic *segos (“force”) + Proto-Celtic *brixs (“hill”)?
Segouia (“Segovia”) (toponym) from Proto-Celtic *segos (“force”) + Proto-Celtic *wyā (“?”)?
Sekontiāz (“from Segontia”) (Ablative singula, toponymr) from Proto-Celtic *segos (“force”) + Proto-Celtic *ontyā (“?”)?
sistat (“(s)he puts, stands”) (3rd person present) from Proto-Celtic *sistati (“to put, stand”)
Slaniaz (ablative singular, toponym) from Proto-Celtic *slanos + Proto-Celtic *-yā (“?”)
sues (“six?”) from Proto-Celtic *swexs (“six”)

T edit

Tamaniu (personal name or toponym, possibly instrumental) ?
Tabaniu (personal name or toponym, possibly instrumental) ?
Tauro (personal name, genitive singular) partially from Proto-Celtic *tarwos (“bull”) given Celtiberian preserves the wr
Tarvo-duro (toponym, genitive singular) from Proto-Celtic *tarwos (“bull”) + Proto-Celtic *duros
tātuz (“give”) (imperative, 3rd person) from Proto-Celtic *dāti
Teiuo-reikis (personal name) from Proto-Celtic *dēwos (“god”) + Proto-Celtic *rīxs (“king”)
tiris (“three”) from Proto-Celtic *trīs (“three”)
Tirtanos (Personal name) from ?
tuateres (“daughters”) (Nominative plural) from Proto-Celtic *duxtīr (“daughter”)
tuateros (“daughter's”) (genitive singular) from Proto-Celtic *duxtīr (“daughter”)
Togoitos (personal name) from ?
tokoitei (“at destiny”) (Locative singular) from Proto-Celtic *tonketos (“destiny”)
tokoti (“to Tokoti?”) (dative Singular, Theonym) from Proto-Celtic *tonketos (“destiny”)
toutam (“people”) (accusative Singular) from Proto-Celtic *toutā (“destiny”)
*Toutonos (Personal name) from Proto-Celtic *Toutonos Cognate with Gaulish *Toutona a feminine version of the latter, attested as Toutonus and Toutona respectively in Latin
trikantam (“Trikanta”) (toponymic, accusative singular) from ?

U edit

-ue (“or”) (Conjunction) from Proto-Celtic *-wē (“or”) from Proto-Indo-European *-wē (“or”)
uer-amom (“highest”) (accusative singular) from Proto-Celtic *uɸor- (“over, on”) + Proto-Celtic *amos (“?”)? or Proto-Celtic *amom (“?”)?
ueizos (“witness”) from Proto-Celtic *wedos (“sight, presence”)
ueizui (“witness”) (dative singular)
uiros (“man”) from Proto-Celtic *wiros (“man”)
Uironos (Personal name) from Proto-Celtic *wiros (“man”) + Proto-Celtic *-onos (“?”)
Uizuskikum (“of the *Uizuskikoi”) (genitive plural, family name) from Proto-Celtic *widus (“wood”) + Proto-Celtic *skikos?
*Uindius (“A mountain in Northern Spain”) from ? attested as Vindius
Usama (personal name and toponym) from Proto-Celtic *Us- (“high”) + Proto-Celtic *-amos (“forms superlative averbs”)
useisu (nominative singular) from ?
Useisunos (“of Useisunu”) (genitive singular) from ?
useisunei (dative singular) from ?

References edit

Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors ((Can we date this quote?)), Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN
Jordán Cólera, Carlos, Beltrán Lloris, Francisco (2017) Celtiberian: Language, writing, epigraphy, Zaragoza, Spain: Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza, →ISBN