Wiktionary

Wiktionary:Laz transliteration

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WT:LZZ TR

These are the rules concerning transliteration in Laz entries.

Comparison of Laz alphabets and transcriptions
Mkhedruli (Wiktionary standard) Transliteration (Wiktionary standard) IPA[1] Lazoğlu & Feurstein alphabet (1984)[2][3][4] Aleksiva 2020[1] Kojima–Bucaklişi & Lazca Sözlük[5][6] Kojima[7] Erten[8] Benli[9] Özşahin[10] Adjarian[11] Dúmezil (1937)[12] Dúmezil (1967)[13]
ა a [ɑ] a a a a a a a a a a
ბ b [b] b b b b b b b b b b
გ g [ɡ] g g g g[14] g g g g g[15] g
დ d [d] d d d d d d d d d d
ე e [ɛ] e e e e e e e e e e
ვ v [v] ~ [w][16] v v v v v v v v v[17] v
ზ z [z] z z z z z z z z z z
თ t [tʰ] t t t t t t t t tʿ t
ი i [i] i i i i i i i i i i
კ ǩ [kʼ] ǩ ǩ ǩ k’[18] k’ k̂ ǩ k[19] k k’
ლ l [l] l l l l l l l l l l
მ m [m] m m m m m m m m m m
ნ n [n] n n n n n n n n n n
ჲ y [j] y y y y y y y y y y
ო o [ɔ] o o o o o o o o o[20] o
პ p̌ [pʼ] p̌ p̌ p̌ p’ p’ p̂ p̌ p[21] p p’
ჟ j [ʒ] j j j j j j j ž ž[22] ž
რ r [ɹ][16] r r r r r r r r r r
ს s [s] s s s s s s s s s s
ტ ť [tʼ] ť ť ť t’ t’ t̂ ť t[23] t t’
უ u [u] u u u u u u u u u[24] u[25]
ფ p [pʰ] p p p p p p p p pʿ p
ქ k [kʰ] k k k k[26] k k k k kʿ k
ღ ğ [ɣ] ğ ğ ğ ğ ğ ğ ğ ġ γ γ
ყ q [qʼ] ~ [χʼ][4] q q̇ q x’ q — q q — —
შ ş [ʃ] ş ş ş ş ş ş ş š š š
ჩ ç [t͡ʃʰ] ç ç ç ç ç ç ç č čʿ č
ც ʒ [t͡sʰ] ʒ ʒ ʒ 3 3 ʒ ts c cʿ c
ძ ż [d͡z] ž ž ż z* z’ ẑ dz ż ζ ζ
წ ǯ [t͡sʼ] ǯ ǯ ǯ 3’ 3’ ʒ̂ tz c[27] c c’
ჭ ç̌ [t͡ʃʼ] ç̌ ç̌ ç̌ ç’ c’ ç̂ ç̌ č[28] č č’
ხ x [χ] x x x x x x x x x x
ჯ c [d͡ʒ] c c c c c c c ǰ j ǰ
ჰ h [h] h h h h h h h h h h
ჶ f [f] f f f f f f f f f f

Depending on typography, the horizontal uppermost section of ʒ and ǯ may appear curved upward. ǩ and ť may appear either with a caron or a stroke. ǩ, p̌, ť, ž, ǯ, ç̌ may use a breve instead of a caron: k̆, p̌, t̆, z̆, ʒ̆, ç̆.

Attestations in non-standard alphabets and transcriptions should be normalized to Wiktionary's standard system shown in the first column. უ̂ and ჳ should both be normalized to ვ. The glottal stop ჸ found in some works published in Georgia should be avoided.

References edit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Aleksiva, Irfan Çağatay (2020) Dictionary of Laz Plant Names (LINCOM Scientific Dictionaries; 3), München: LINCOM GmbH, page 4, confusing ყ (q) with ჴ
  2. ^ Amse-de Jong, Tine H. (2004) Laz–English Dictionary, Freudenstadt: Kaukasus Verlag, →ISBN, page III
  3. ^ Bucaklişi, İsmail Avcı, Uzunhasanoğlu, Hasan (1999) Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük / Lazuri-Turkuli Nenapuna [Laz–Turkish dictionary] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Akyüz Yayıncılık, page XIV
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bucaklişi, İsmail Avcı, Uzunhasanoğlu, Hasan, Aleksiva, Irfan (2007) Büyük Lazca Sözlük / Didi Lazuri Nenapuna [Great Laz Dictionary] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Chiviyazıları, page 18
  5. ^ Kojima, Gôichi, Bucaklişi, İsmail Avcı (2003) Lazca Gramer / Lazuri Grameri [Laz Grammar] (in Turkish), explanations in English by Gôichi Kojima and Eylem Bostancı, Istanbul: Chiviyazıları, →ISBN, page 31
  6. ^ Lazca Sözlük / Lazuri Nenapuna [Laz Dictionary]‎[1] (in Turkish), Laz Enstitüsü, 2016–2018
  7. ^ Kojima, Gôichi (2012–) Temel Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük Taslağı‎[2] (in Turkish)
  8. ^ Erten, Metin (2000) Lazca-Türkçe, Türkçe-Lazca Sözlük [Laz–Turkish–Laz dictionary], Istanbul: Anahtar Kitaplar, pages 20–23
  9. ^ Benli, Faruk (2004) Lazuri-Turkili, Turkili-Lazuri Ansiklopedik Laksiyoni [Laz–Turkish–Laz Encyclopedic Dictionary], Istanbul: Kebikeç, often confuses consonants in his transcription
  10. ^ Özşahin, Bayram Ali (2016) Sarpişi Lazuri Nenapuna [Sarpi Village Laz Dictionary] (Lazika Sıra; 63) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Lazika, →ISBN, page 8
  11. ^ Adjarian, H. (1898) “Étude sur la langue laze”, in Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (in French), volume X, page 147
  12. ^ Dumézil, Georges (1937) Contes lazes (Travaux et mémoires de l'Institut d'ethnologie; 27)‎[3] (in French), Paris: Institut d'Ethnologie, page VI
  13. ^ Dumézil, Georges (1967) Documents anatoliens sur les langues et les traditions du Caucase IV: Récits lazes en dialecte d'Arhavi (parler de Şenköy)‎[4] (in French), Paris: Presses universitaires de France, page 1
  14. ^ the sequence gy is treated as a separate digraph
  15. ^ gʹ when palatalized
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Kojima, Gôichi (2010–) Grammaire laze / Laz Grammar / ラズ語文法 / Lazca gramer‎[5], retrieved 2022-12-11, Phonemics
  17. ^ w when [w]
  18. ^ the sequence ky’ is treated as a separate trigraph
  19. ^ not distinguished from ქ
  20. ^ ö when [œ]
  21. ^ not distinguished from ფ
  22. ^ žʹ when palatalized
  23. ^ not distinguished from თ
  24. ^ ü when [y]
  25. ^ ü when [y]
  26. ^ the sequence ky is treated as a separate digraph
  27. ^ not distinguished from ც
  28. ^ not distinguished from ჩ

Further reading edit

  • Anderson, Ralph Dewitt (1963) A Grammar of Laz, doctoral dissertation, The University of Texas
  • Marr, N. (1910) “Таблица I”, in Грамматика чанского (лазского) языка с хрестоматией и словарем [Grammar of the Chan (Laz) Language with a Reader and a Dictionary] (Материалы по яфетическому языкознанию; 2) (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, pages 2–3
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