adfer

Latin

Verb

adfer

1. first-person singular present active subjunctive of adfor

Tarifit

Noun

adfer m (Tifinagh spelling ⴰⴷⴼⴻⵔ, usually uncountable)

1. Alternative spelling of adfeř: snow

Welsh

Alternative forms

• (literary) edfryd

Etymology

Regularization of literary edfryd (verb stem adfer-), from Proto-Brythonic *ėdβėrɨd. Equivalent to ad- +‎ the same element as arfer; compare also cymryd, cymeraf.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈadvɛr/
  • (North Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈadvar/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈadvɛr/

Verb

adfer (first-person singular present adferaf)

1. to reinstate, to restore, to resolve, to revive, to retrieve, to recover, to rehabilitate

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	adferaf	adferi	edfryd, adfera, edfyr	adferwn	adferwch	adferant	adferir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	adferwn	adferit	adferai	adferem	adferech	adferent	adferid
preterite	adferais	adferaist	adferodd	adferasom	adferasoch	adferasant	adferwyd
pluperfect	adferaswn	adferasit	adferasai	adferasem	adferasech	adferasent	adferasid, adferesid
present subjunctive	adferwyf	adferych	adfero	adferom	adferoch	adferont	adferer
imperative	—	adfer, adfera	adfered	adferwn	adferwch	adferent	adferer
verbal noun	adfer
verbal adjectives	adferedig adferadwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	adfera i, adferaf i	adferi di	adferith o/e/hi, adferiff e/hi	adferwn ni	adferwch chi	adferan nhw
conditional	adferwn i, adferswn i	adferet ti, adferset ti	adferai fo/fe/hi, adfersai fo/fe/hi	adferen ni, adfersen ni	adferech chi, adfersech chi	adferen nhw, adfersen nhw
preterite	adferais i, adferes i	adferaist ti, adferest ti	adferodd o/e/hi	adferon ni	adferoch chi	adferon nhw
imperative	—	adfera	—	—	adferwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

• adferadwy (“retrievable, recoverable”)
• adferiad (“rehabilitation, restoration, restitution, recovery”)
• adferol (“restoring”)
• adferwr (“restorer”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
adfer	unchanged	unchanged	hadfer
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “adferaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies