affaiblir
French edit
Etymology edit
From a- + faible (“weak”) + -ir.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
affaiblir
- (transitive) to weaken, to flag, to make weaker, to enfeeble, enervate, attenuate
- (reflexive) to weaken, to become weaker
- Ses muscles se sont affaiblis avec le temps.
- His muscles weakened with time.
Conjugation edit
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of affaiblir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | affaiblir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | affaiblissant /a.fɛ.bli.sɑ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | affaibli /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | affaiblis /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/ |
affaiblis /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/ |
affaiblit /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/ |
affaiblissons /a.fɛ.bli.sɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sɔ̃/ |
affaiblissez /a.fɛ.bli.se/ or /a.fe.bli.se/ |
affaiblissent /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/ |
| imperfect | affaiblissais /a.fɛ.bli.sɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.sɛ/ |
affaiblissais /a.fɛ.bli.sɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.sɛ/ |
affaiblissait /a.fɛ.bli.sɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.sɛ/ |
affaiblissions /a.fɛ.bli.sjɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sjɔ̃/ |
affaiblissiez /a.fɛ.bli.sje/ or /a.fe.bli.sje/ |
affaiblissaient /a.fɛ.bli.sɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | affaiblis /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/ |
affaiblis /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/ |
affaiblit /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/ |
affaiblîmes /a.fɛ.blim/ or /a.fe.blim/ |
affaiblîtes /a.fɛ.blit/ or /a.fe.blit/ |
affaiblirent /a.fɛ.bliʁ/ or /a.fe.bliʁ/ | |
| future | affaiblirai /a.fɛ.bli.ʁe/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁe/ |
affaibliras /a.fɛ.bli.ʁa/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁa/ |
affaiblira /a.fɛ.bli.ʁa/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁa/ |
affaiblirons /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɔ̃/ |
affaiblirez /a.fɛ.bli.ʁe/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁe/ |
affaibliront /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | affaiblirais /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɛ/ |
affaiblirais /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɛ/ |
affaiblirait /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɛ/ |
affaiblirions /a.fɛ.bli.ʁjɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁjɔ̃/ |
affaibliriez /a.fɛ.bli.ʁje/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁje/ |
affaibliraient /a.fɛ.bli.ʁɛ/ or /a.fe.bli.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | affaiblisse /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/ |
affaiblisses /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/ |
affaiblisse /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/ |
affaiblissions /a.fɛ.bli.sjɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sjɔ̃/ |
affaiblissiez /a.fɛ.bli.sje/ or /a.fe.bli.sje/ |
affaiblissent /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/ |
| imperfect2 | affaiblisse /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/ |
affaiblisses /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/ |
affaiblît /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/ |
affaiblissions /a.fɛ.bli.sjɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sjɔ̃/ |
affaiblissiez /a.fɛ.bli.sje/ or /a.fe.bli.sje/ |
affaiblissent /a.fɛ.blis/ or /a.fe.blis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | affaiblis /a.fɛ.bli/ or /a.fe.bli/ |
— | affaiblissons /a.fɛ.bli.sɔ̃/ or /a.fe.bli.sɔ̃/ |
affaiblissez /a.fɛ.bli.se/ or /a.fe.bli.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “affaiblir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.