arachrin
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
Originally a euphemism or slang expression meaning “shake it”, from Proto-Celtic *ɸarekriniti (compare Welsh ergryn (“tremble, fear”)) with the infixed pronoun a- (“it”), from *ɸare- (“in front”) + *kriniti (“to shake, sift”), from Proto-Indo-European *krinéh₁ti (“to shake, sift”), from Proto-Indo-European *kreh₁(i̯)-. Cognate with Welsh crynu (“to shake, shiver”), Latin cernō (“to sift, separate”), and Ancient Greek κρῑ́νω (krī́nō, “to separate”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ara·chrin (verbal noun irchre or erchrae)
- to perish
- to wear out (deteriorate or become unusable or ineffective due to continued use, exposure, or strain), to decay
- to fail (be wanting; fall short)
For quotations using this term, see Citations:arachrin.
Conjugation edit
Complex, class B V present, reduplicated preterite, i future, a subjunctive
1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present indicative | Deut. | ara·chrinim | ara·chrin; arind·chrin (relative) | ara·chrinat; arin·chrinat (relative) | |||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Perfect | Deut. | ara·ruichíuir | |||||||
Prot. | ·arrchíuir | ·arrceoratar | |||||||
Future | Deut. | ara·chíurat | |||||||
Prot. | ·airchíuri | ||||||||
Conditional | Deut. | ara·chíurad | |||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | ·archriat | ||||||||
Past subjunctive | Deut. | arind·rochrietis (relative ro-form) | |||||||
Prot. | ·archriad | ||||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Verbal noun | irchre, erchrae | ||||||||
Past participle | |||||||||
Verbal of necessity |
Synonyms edit
Descendants edit
- ⇒ Middle Irish: airchranaid, airchraid, airchradaid
- Irish: orchraigh
References edit
- ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) “*kri-ni-”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 420
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “arachrin”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language