artichoke

English

Etymology

From Lombard artichòc, from Occitan artichaut, from Old Spanish alcarchofa, from Andalusian Arabic الْخَرْشُوف (al-ḵaršūf), from Arabic الْخُرْشُوف (al-ḵuršūf), definite form of خُرْشُوف (ḵuršūf).

Pronunciation

• (rhotic) IPA^(key): /ˈɑɹ.tɪˌtʃoʊk/
• (non-rhotic) IPA^(key): /ˈɑː.tɪˌtʃəʊk/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

artichoke (plural artichokes)

1. A plant related to the thistle with enlarged flower heads eaten as a vegetable while immature, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus.
2. A dull green colour, like that of an artichoke.

   artichoke:  

Synonyms

• globe artichoke (edible variety)
• cardoon (wild variety)
• Cynara scolymus (the former taxonomic name)
• Cynara cardunculus (the currently accepted taxonomic name, which also includes cardoons)

Derived terms

• artichoke bottom
• artichoke heart
• choke
• Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)
• artichoke thistle

Descendants

• → Bengali: হাতিচোক (haticōk)
• → Cantonese: 雅枝竹 (ngaa⁵ zi¹ zuk¹)
• → Hebrew: ארטישוק
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: आटिचोक (āṭicok)
  • Urdu: اٹچوک (āṭicok)
• → Indonesian: articok
• → Korean: 아티초크 (atichokeu)
• → Japanese: アーティチョーク
• → South Levantine Arabic: أرضي شوكي
• → Thai: อาติโช๊ค

Translations

vegetable

• Afrikaans: artisjok
• Albanian: angjinare (sq) f
• Amharic: ከርቹፍ (kärčuf), ኀርቹፍ (ḫärčuf)
• Arabic: خُرْشُوف m (ḵuršūf), خُرْشُوفَة f (ḵuršūfa) (singulative), أَرْضِي شَوْكِي m (ʔarḍī šawkī, ʔarḍī šōkī)

  Egyptian Arabic: خرشوف m pl (ḵaršūf), خرشوفة f (ḵaršūfa) (singulative)

  Hijazi Arabic: خَرْشوف m pl (ḵaršūf)

  Moroccan Arabic: قوق (qūq), خرشوف (ḵaršūf), خرشف (ḵuršuf), قنارية (qannāriyya)

  Tunisian Arabic: ڨنّاريّة f (gennariya)

• Armenian: կանկառ (hy) (kankaṙ)
• Asturian: alcachofa (ast) f
• Azerbaijani: artişok, ənginar
• Basque: orburu
• Belarusian: артышо́к m (artyšók)
• Bengali: হাতিচোক (bn) (haticōk)
• Bulgarian: артишо́к m (artišók)
• Burmese: ပဲပိုးတီ (my) (pai:pui:ti)
• Catalan: carxofera (ca) f (plant), carxofa (ca) (flower)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 雅枝竹 (ngaa⁵ zi¹ zuk¹)

  Mandarin: 洋薊／洋蓟 (zh) (yángjì), 朝鮮薊／朝鲜蓟 (zh) (cháoxiǎnjì), 洋百合 (yángbǎihé), 法國百合／法国百合 (fǎguó bǎihé)

• Czech: artyčok (cs) m
• Danish: artiskok c
• Dutch: artisjok (nl) m
• Esperanto: artiŝoko
• Estonian: artišokk
• Faroese: artiskokkur m
• Finnish: latva-artisokka (fi), artisokka (fi)
• French: artichaut (fr) m
• Galician: alcachofra (gl) f, herba tioura f, herba punteira f
• Georgian: არტიშოკი (arṭišoḳi)
• German: Artischocke (de) f
• Greek: αγκινάρα (el) f (agkinára)

  Ancient: σκόλυμος m (skólumos), κινάρα f (kinára), κᾰ́κτος m (káktos)

• Hebrew: אַרְטִישׁוֹק (he) m (artishók), קִנְרֵס (he) m (kinrés), חֻרְשָׁף (he) m (khursháf)
• Hindi: आटिचोक (āṭicok), हाथीचक (hi) (hāthīcak)
• Hungarian: articsóka (hu)
• Icelandic: ætiþistill m, þistilhjarta (is) n
• Ido: artichoko (io)
• Irish: bliosán m
• Italian: carciofo (it) m
• Japanese: アーティチョーク (ja) (ātichōku), 朝鮮薊 (ja) (ちょうせんあざみ, Chōsen azami) (Korean thistle)
• Kazakh: бөрікгүл (börıkgül), артишок (artişok)
• Korean: 아티초크 (atichokeu)
• Kyrgyz: артишок (ky) (artişok)
• Ladino: endjinara, anginara
• Latin: carduus m
• Latvian: artišoks m
• Ligurian: articiòcca f
• Lithuanian: artišokas m
• Macedonian: артичо́ка m (artičóka)
• Malay: articok, kharsyuf
• Maltese: qaqoċċa f
• Maori: atihoka
• Navajo: azeeʼ hókániitsoh daadánígíí
• Norman: artichaut vèrt m (Jersey)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: artisjokk (no) m, artiskokk m

  Nynorsk: artisjokk m, artiskokk m

• Occitan: carchòfa (oc) f
• Pennsylvania German: Aerdabbel
• Persian: کنگر فرنگی (kangar-e farangi), آرتیشو (fa) (ârtišo), انگنار (fa) (angenâr)
• Polish: karczoch (pl) m
• Portuguese: alcachofra (pt) f, alcachofra hortense f
• Romagnol: articiòc m
• Romanian: anghinare (ro) f
• Romansch: artischocca f
• Russian: артишо́к (ru) m (artišók)
• Scottish Gaelic: bliochdan m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: артичока f

  Roman: artičoka (sh) f

• Sicilian: cacòcciulu (scn) m, cacòcciula (scn) f, carciòffula (scn) f
• Slovak: artičoka (sk) f
• Slovene: artičoka (sl) f
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: artišoka f

  Upper Sorbian: artišoka f

• Spanish: alcachofa (es) f, alcaucil (es) m (Argentina, Southern Spain), alcachofera f (plant)
• Swedish: kronärtskocka (sv) c
• Tagalog: alkatsopas
• Tajik: анганор (anganor)
• Thai: อาติโช๊ค
• Turkish: enginar (tr)
• Turkmen: artişok
• Ukrainian: артишо́к (uk) m (artyšók)
• Urdu: اٹچوک (āṭicok)
• Uzbek: artishok
• Venetian: articioco m, articiòco (vec) m, articiòch (vec) m
• Vietnamese: atisô
• Volapük: tijod (vo), (older term) tijep
• Welsh: artisiog
• Yiddish: אַרטישאָק m (artishok)

References

• Michael Quinion (2004) “Artichoke”, in Ballyhoo, Buckaroo, and Spuds: Ingenious Tales of Words and Their Origins, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books in association with Penguin Books, →ISBN.