braukt
Latvian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰreuk- (“to stroke, to rub”) (whence also brukt, q.v.), from a stem *bʰer- (“to cut, to rub, to split; to hit”) (whence also berzt, q.v.). The meaning evolution was probably: “to scrub, to grate” > “to rub, to wipe” (a meaning is still conserved in the erstwhile iterative form braucīt, and sometimes in braukt itself; see below) > “to drag, to slide” > “to make (a vehicle) slide, run” > “to go, to ride (on a vehicle)” (note that the oldest Baltic vehicles moved by sliding, without wheels). Cognates include Lithuanian bràukti “to stroke, to rub, to pull (leaves, berries etc. stuck in one's hands), to wipe (tears, sweat),” colloquially also “to ride, to race,” Russian dialectal брукать (brukát’) (< Proto-Slavic *brukati) “to throw, to hurl, to kick; to smear.” From a variant stem *bʰreuḱ- also Proto-Slavic *brusiti (Russian dialectal брусить (brusítʼ) “to gather leaves for animals (to eat)”, from “to pluck, to pull,” Bulgarian бруся (brúsja, “to hit, to pluck (plants)”), Czech brousiti (“to sharpen, to hone, to grind; to run”), Polish brusić (“to sharpen with a whetstone, to grind”)).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA: [bɾàukt]
Verb
braukt intr., 1st conj., pres. braucu, brauc, brauc, past braucu
- to go, to ride (in a vehicle)
- braukt automobilī, automašīnā — to go by car
- braukt pajūgā, kamanās — to go on a cart, on a sleigh
- braukt ar autobusu, ar vilcienu — to go by bus, by train
- braukt ar tvaikoni, ar lidmašīnu — to go by steamboat, by plane
- braukt komandējumā — to go on a business trip, on an expedition
- braukt uz kuģa, uz kuģiem — to go on a boat (also, to be(come) a sailor)
- (with animal names) to go (on a cart, sled, sleigh, etc.) pulled by animals
- braukt ar zirgu — to go on a horse-drawn cart
- braukt ar vēršiem, ar suņiem, ar briežiem — to go on a cart pulled by oxen, by dogs, by (rein)deer
- (transitive) to ride (a horse)
- tēvs brauc lepnus zirgus — father is riding a proud horse
- (in the 3rd person, speaking of vehicles, harnessed animals) to go, to move, to ride, to travel
- laiva brauc pa ezeru — the boat is traveling on the lake
- trolejbuss brauc uz depo — the trolleybus is going to the depot
- pajūgi brauc pa ceļa malu — carts go on the edge of the road
- zirgs brauc pa ceļu — the (yoked, harnessed) horse rides on the road
- (colloquial, of fingers, hands, feet) to run (on a surface)
- kā asaras slaucīdama, viņa abām plaukstām brauca pār vaigiem — as if wiping tears, she ran both palms (= hands) over (her) cheeks
Conjugation
Synonyms
- (of "going," but on foot): iet
- (of "riding a horse"): jāt
Derived terms
- prefixed verbs:
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- other derived terms
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Related terms
- braucīt
- braukāt
- braukšus
References
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns. 1992, 2001. Latviešu etimoloģijas vārdnīca. Rīga: AVOTS. ISBN 9984700127.