brennen
See also: Brennen
German edit
Etymology edit
A merger of Old High German brennan (from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną), and Old High German brinnan (from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną). Cognate with Bavarian brenna, Dutch branden, Swedish brinna, Icelandic brenna, Old English birnan, and therefore English burn.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
brennen (irregular weak, third-person singular present brennt, past tense brannte, past participle gebrannt, past subjunctive brennte, auxiliary haben)
- (intransitive) to burn; to light on fire
- Ich beobachtete, wie das Haus brannte. ― I watched the house burn.
- Es brennt! ― There is a fire!
- (intransitive) to burn; to be on fire
- Mein Haus brennt! ― My house is on fire!
- Trockenes Holz brennt am besten. ― Dry wood burns best.
- (intransitive) to have a strong affection for; to be affectionate
- Ich brenne darauf sie zu besuchen! ― I would really like to visit her.
- (intransitive) to be lit, to be on (of a light or lamp)
- Das Licht in der Küche brannte noch immer. ― The light in the kitchen was still on.
- (intransitive) to irritate; to induce pain or another painful sensation; to bite; to sting
- Die Zwiebeln brennen in meinen Augen! ― The onions sting in my eyes!
- Dieser Senf brennt wie Teufel auf meiner Zunge! ― This mustard bites my tongue like hell!
- (intransitive) to smart; to sting (a sore or wound)
- (transitive) to fire; to bake; to kiln (tiles and pottery)
- Dachziegel werden im Brennofen gebrannt. ― Tiles are baked in a kiln.
- Nach drei Tagen kann die Vase gebrannt werden. ― The vase can be fired after three days.
- Keramikwaren müssen gebrannt werden, bevor sie genutzt werden können. ― Pottery needs to be fired before one can use it.
- (transitive) to distil (alcoholic beverages such as schnapps)
- Synonym: destillieren
- (transitive, computing) to burn; to archive data on a storage medium. (such as CDs, DVDs, etc.)
- Kannst du mir 'Das weiße Album' von den Beatles brennen? ― Can you burn 'The White Album' from The Beatles for me?
- (intransitive, figuratively) to emit heat
- Die Sonne brannte auf sie herab. ― The sun was shining upon them with great heat.
- to roast
- to bream (clean a ship etc. by fire and scraping)
- (Austria, informal) to fork out, to shell out
Conjugation edit
| infinitive | brennen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | brennend | ||||
| past participle | gebrannt | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich brenne | wir brennen | i | ich brenne | wir brennen |
| du brennst | ihr brennt | du brennest | ihr brennet | ||
| er brennt | sie brennen | er brenne | sie brennen | ||
| preterite | ich brannte | wir brannten | ii | ich brennte1 | wir brennten1 |
| du branntest | ihr branntet | du brenntest1 | ihr brenntet1 | ||
| er brannte | sie brannten | er brennte1 | sie brennten1 | ||
| imperative | brenn (du) brenne (du) |
brennt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
- Brennen
- brennend, gebrannt
- Brand m, Branntwein m
- Brennpunkt m
- abbrennen, anbrennen, durchbrennen, einbrennen, niederbrennen, wegbrennen
- brinnen
Further reading edit
- “brennen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “brennen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “brennen” in Duden online
- “brennen” in OpenThesaurus.de
- Friedrich Kluge (1883) “brennen”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
Luxembourgish edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German brinnen, from Old High German brinnan, from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
brennen (third-person singular present brennt, past participle gebrannt, auxiliary verb hunn)
- (transitive) to burn, to set alight
- (intransitive) to burn, to be on fire
- (intransitive) to smart, to sting
- (transitive) to distil (spirits)
- (transitive) to brand (an animal)
- (transitive, computing) to burn (a disk)
Conjugation edit
| Regular | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | brennen | |
| participle | gebrannt | |
| auxiliary | hunn | |
| present indicative |
imperative | |
| 1st singular | brennen | — |
| 2nd singular | brenns | brenn |
| 3rd singular | brennt | — |
| 1st plural | brennen | — |
| 2nd plural | brennt | brennt |
| 3rd plural | brennen | — |
| (n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. | ||
Derived terms edit
Old Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *brannijan.
Verb edit
brennen
- to burn
Inflection edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- “brennen”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old High German edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *brannijan, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną. Cognate with Old English bærnan, Old Saxon brinnan, Old Norse brenna.
Verb edit
brennen
- (transitive) to burn
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of brennen (weak class 1)
| infinitive | brennen | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st person singular | brennu | branta |
| 2nd person singular | brennis, brennist | brantōs, brenntōst |
| 3rd person singular | brennit | branta |
| 1st person plural | brennem, brennemēs | brantum, brantumēs |
| 2nd person plural | brennet | brantut |
| 3rd person plural | brennent | brantun |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st person singular | brenne | branti |
| 2nd person singular | brennēs, brennēst | brantīs, brantīst |
| 3rd person singular | brenne | branti |
| 1st person plural | brennēm, brennēn, brennemēs | brantīm, brantīn, brantīmēs |
| 2nd person plural | brennēt | brantīt |
| 3rd person plural | brennēn | brantīn |
| imperative | present | |
| singular | brenni | |
| plural | brennet | |
| participle | present | past |
| brennenti | gibrant | |