budak
Dupaningan Agta edit
Noun edit
budak
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
From Malay budak (“child”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɗik, *ɗiik, *ɗiək (“slave”). The sense of slave is reinforced by Javanese ꦧꦸꦝꦏ꧀ (budhak, “slave”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
budak (plural para budak, budak-budak, first-person possessive budakku, second-person possessive budakmu, third-person possessive budaknya)
Usage notes edit
The word is part of partial false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay budak.
- The sense of child, which is the meaning in Standard Malay, is used in Indonesian Malay reside, such as Riau, and can be found in regional speech. However, the sense of child is obsolete in national Indonesian.
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “budak” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Maguindanao edit
Noun edit
budak
Malay edit
Etymology edit
Probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɗik, *ɗiik, *ɗiək (“slave”). Sense of "slave" is reinforced by Javanese ꦧꦸꦝꦏ꧀ (budhak, “slave”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
budak (Jawi spelling بودق, plural budak-budak, informal 1st possessive budakku, 2nd possessive budakmu, 3rd possessive budaknya)
- (Malaysia, Singapore, Riau, Sumatra) young person; child
- Synonyms: anak, kanak-kanak, bocah
- (archaic, mainly in Indonesia) slave
Usage notes edit
The word is part of partial false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian budak.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Indonesian: budak
References edit
- Kamus Bahasa Indonesia-Melayu Riau, Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 1997, →ISBN, page 13
- Kamus Melayu Sumatera Utara-Indonesia, Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Republik Indonesia, 2018, →ISBN, page 140
- Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “بودق boedak”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek[1], John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 63
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “بودق budak”, in A Malay-English dictionary[2], Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 127
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “budak”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised)[3], volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 158
Further reading edit
- “budak” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Old Sundanese edit
Etymology edit
Probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɗik, *ɗiik, *ɗiək (“slave”).
Noun edit
budak
- young person; child
- c. 16th century, Carita Parahiyangan:
- "Rababu leumpang! Ku siya bwatkeun budak éta ka Rahiyangtang Mandiminyak. Anteurkeun patemuan siya Sang Salahtwah!"
- Go, Rababu! Bring that child with you to Rahiyangtang Mandiminyak! Send him your bastard, Sang Salahtwah (the mistake) !
Descendants edit
- Sundanese: budak
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بوداق (budak).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bȕdāk m (Cyrillic spelling бу̏да̄к)
Declension edit
References edit
- “budak” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Sundanese edit
Etymology edit
From Old Sundanese budak, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɗik, *ɗiik, *ɗiək (“slave”). Word and sense related to Malay budak.
Noun edit
budak
- young person; child; kid
- Kunaon éta budak teu indit ka sakola?
- Why didn't that kid go to school?
- Synonym: murangkalih
- Kunaon éta budak teu indit ka sakola?
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Ottoman Turkish بوداق (budak, “shoot in a tree; gnarl”), from Proto-Turkic *būtak, a development of *būta- (“to cut branches, prune”).
Noun edit
budak (definite accusative budağı, plural budaklar)
- (botany) shoot, the emerging stem and embryonic leaves of a new plant
- gnarl, a knot in the wood or a protuberance with twisted grain on a tree
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “budak”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 683
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “budak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük