củng cố
See also: cứng cổ
Vietnamese edit
Etymology edit
Sino-Vietnamese word from 鞏固.
Pronunciation edit
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [kʊwŋ͡m˧˩ ko˧˦]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [kʊwŋ͡m˧˨ kow˨˩˦]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [kʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦ kow˦˥]
Verb edit
- (transitive) to strengthen; to solidify; to consolidate; to fortify