chamar
English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Hindi चमार (camār)
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
chamar (plural chamars)
- A member of a tribe who works in leather and agriculture; a tanner or leather-worker.
- 1888, Rudyard Kipling, “The Sending of Dana Da”, in In Black and White, Folio Society, published 2005, page 419:
- It is not strictly a native patent, though chamars of the skin and hide castes can, if irritated, despatch a Sending which sits on the breast of their enemy by night and nearly kills him.
Galician edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese chamar, from Latin clāmāre (“to cry out”). Compare Portuguese chamar and Spanish llamar.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
chamar (first-person singular present chamo, first-person singular preterite chamei, past participle chamado)
- to call; to refer to (by name)
- Chámome Alejandro e nacín en 1953 ― "I am called Alejandro and was born in 1953"
- (transitive) to call, summon
- Quen chama? ― "Who's calling?"
- (transitive with por) to call, summon
- 2016, Malandrómeda, Chegar e encher [song]:
- Cando voltei, cheguei e enchín,
choran os problemas e chaman por min;
non sei moi ben se hoxe vou ser quen
de pasar de lado como se non fora comigo- When I came back, and pulled it off at the first attempt [veni, vidi, vici]
the troubles cry and call me;
I'm not sure if today I'll be capable
of passing by as if that's not me
- When I came back, and pulled it off at the first attempt [veni, vidi, vici]
- Chama por ela ― "Call her"
- 2016, Malandrómeda, Chegar e encher [song]:
- to invoke
- Synonym: invocar
- (transitive) to goad; to steer, guide (the cattle, a yoke)
- Synonym: afalar
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of chamar
Reintegrated conjugation of chamar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
1Less recommended.
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “chamar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “chamar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “chamar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “chamar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “chamar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Old Galician-Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Latin clāmāre (“to cry out”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
chamar
- to call; to refer to (by name)
- to call, to name, to denominate
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to be called (to have a specific name)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of chamar
| infinitive | simple | chamar | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | infinitive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
| gerund | simple | chamando | |||||||
| compound | gerund of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
| past participle | singular | plural | |||||||
| masculine | chamado | chamada | |||||||
| feminine | chamados | chamadas | |||||||
| present participle | chamante | chamantes | |||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
| indicative mood | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
| simple tenses |
present | chamo | chamas | chama | chamamos | chamades | chamam3, chaman4 | ||
| imperfect | chamava | chamavas | chamava | chamavamos | chamavades | chamavam3, chamavan4 | |||
| preterite | chamei | chamaste3, chamasche4 | chamou | chamamos | chamastes | chamarom3, chamaron4 | |||
| pluperfect | chamara | chamaras | chamara | chamaramos | chamarades | chamaram3, chamaran4 | |||
| future | chamarei | chamarás | chamará | chamaremos | chamaredes | chamarám3, chamarán4 | |||
| conditional | chamaria | chamarias | chamaria | chamariamos | chamariades | chamariam3, chamarian4 | |||
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | |||||||
| present imperfect | imperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
| past anterior | preterite of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
| pluperfect | simple pluperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
| future perfect | future of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
| subjunctive mood | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
| simple tenses |
present | chame | chames | chame | chamemos | chamedes | chamem3, chamen4 | ||
| preterite | chamasse | chamasses | chamasse | chamássemos | chamássedes | chamassem3, chamassen4 | |||
| future | chamar | chamares | chamar | chamarmos | chamardes | chamarem3, chamaren4 | |||
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | |||||||
| pluperfect | preterite subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
| future perfect | future subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
| imperative mood | — | tu | vossa mercee | nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
— | |||
| affirmative | — | chama | chame | chamemos | chamade | — | |||
| negative | — | non chames | non chame | non chamemos | non chamedes | — | |||
| personal infinitive | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
| chamar | chamares | chamar | chamarmos | chamardes | chamarem3, chamaren4 | ||||
|
1 Its alternative form aver can be used as well. 2 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver". 3 Less common in Galicia 4 Less common in Portugal | |||||||||
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese chamar, from Latin clamāre (“to cry out”), from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to shout”). Compare Galician chamar and Spanish llamar. Doublet of clamar, a borrowing.
Pronunciation edit
- (Brazil Nordestino) IPA(key): /ʃɐ.ˈma(h)/, /ʃɐ̃.ˈma(h)/
- Hyphenation: cha‧mar
Audio (Oporto, Portugal) (file)
Verb edit
chamar (first-person singular present chamo, first-person singular preterite chamei, past participle chamado)
- (transitive) to call; to summon (to ask someone to come)
- (ditransitive, with the indirect object taking a) to call (to use as the name of)
- Os botânicos chamam àquele tipo de árvore (de) gimnosperma.
- Botanists call that type of tree a gymnosperm.
- ( for the second object) to call (to verbally ascribe someone a quality)
- Chamaram-me feio na escola.
- They called me ugly at school.
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive) to be called (to have a specific name)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of chamar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Quotations edit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:chamar.