ciar
Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Irish cíar (“dark”), from Proto-Celtic *kēros, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, extension of *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Further cognates are Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”) and Old English hār (“grey-haired”).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
ciar (genitive singular masculine céir, genitive singular feminine céire, plural ciara, comparative céire)
Declension edit
Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | ciar | chiar | ciara; chiara² | |
Vocative | chéir | ciara | ||
Genitive | céire | ciara | ciar | |
Dative | ciar; chiar¹ |
chiar; chéir (archaic) |
ciara; chiara² | |
Comparative | níos céire | |||
Superlative | is céire |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
ciar | chiar | gciar |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “ciar”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Latin edit
Verb edit
ciar
Scottish Gaelic edit
Etymology edit
From Old Irish cíar (“dark”), from Proto-Celtic *kēros, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, extension of *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Further cognates are Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”) and Old English hār (“grey-haired”).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
ciar (comparative nas cèire / na bu chèire)
Related terms edit
Mutation edit
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
ciar | chiar |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Probably from Old Spanish cía (“thighbone”), referring to the use of this bone when rowing, from Latin scias, from Ancient Greek ἰσχιας (iskhias, “sciatic”), from ἰσχίον (iskhíon, “hip”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): (Spain) /ˈθjaɾ/ [ˈθjaɾ]
- IPA(key): (Latin America) /ˈsjaɾ/ [ˈsjaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: ciar
Verb edit
ciar (first-person singular present cío, first-person singular preterite cie, past participle ciado)
- (intransitive) to back water
Conjugation edit
infinitive | ciar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | ciando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | ciado | ciada | |||||
plural | ciados | ciadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | cío | cíastú ciasvos |
cía | ciamos | ciais | cían | |
imperfect | ciaba | ciabas | ciaba | ciábamos | ciabais | ciaban | |
preterite | cie | ciaste | cio | ciamos | ciasteis | ciaron | |
future | ciaré | ciarás | ciará | ciaremos | ciaréis | ciarán | |
conditional | ciaría | ciarías | ciaría | ciaríamos | ciaríais | ciarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | cíe | cíestú ciesvos2 |
cíe | ciemos | cieis | cíen | |
imperfect (ra) |
ciara | ciaras | ciara | ciáramos | ciarais | ciaran | |
imperfect (se) |
ciase | ciases | ciase | ciásemos | ciaseis | ciasen | |
future1 | ciare | ciares | ciare | ciáremos | ciareis | ciaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | cíatú ciavos |
cíe | ciemos | ciad | cíen | ||
negative | no cíes | no cíe | no ciemos | no cieis | no cíen |
References edit
Further reading edit
- “ciar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014