cis
Translingual edit
Etymology edit
Abbreviation, presumably from either English cosine and sine and the number i or translingual cos, i, and sin.
Symbol edit
cis
- (mathematics) The function .
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Latin cis (“on this side (of), on the near or same side”). Doublet of he, it, here, hither, and hence.
Adjective edit
cis (not comparable)
- (biology) Having two mutations on two genes on the same chromosome of a homologous pair.
- (cytology) Of the side of the Golgi apparatus nearer to the endoplasmic reticulum.
- (chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a double bond in which the greater radical on both ends is on the same side of the bond.
- 1984, American Chemical Society. Division of Polymer Chemistry, Papers Presented at the ... Meeting:
- 9 is thought to survive longer when the CH = CH bond is cis and to favour the formation of another cis double bond in a propagation reaction involving its displacement by monomer. 10, on the other hand, is more likely to yield a trans double bond […]
- 2007, Vickie A. Vaclavik, Elizabeth W. Christian, Essentials of Food Science, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 277:
- However, a cis double bond causes a kink in the chain. (A cis double bond introduces a bend of about 42 into the linear hydrocarbon chain.)
- 2015, William P Edwards, The Science of Bakery Products, Royal Society of Chemistry, →ISBN, page 26:
- A cis double bond is one where the hydrogen atoms are both on the same side. In contrast, a trans double bond has them on the opposite side.
- (chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a coordination compound in which the two instances of a particular ligand are adjacent to each other.
- The cis effect is the labilization of ligands which are cis to certain other ligands.
Antonyms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
Etymology 2 edit
Clipping of cisgender or cissexual, ultimately from Latin cis.
Alternative forms edit
- CIS (proscribed)
Adjective edit
cis (not comparable)
- Cisgender (or sometimes cissexual): not trans (transgender or transsexual) nor non-binary.
- Coordinate term: trans
- 2017 November 21, Trish Bendix, quoting Ashlee Marie Preston, “Why it matters that transgender women are speaking out about Jeffrey Tambor — and that people are listening”, in Yahoo! Lifestyle[2]:
- We're demonized and criminalized as perverts out to trick and deceive cis hetero men; therefore anything that happens to us, we 'had coming.'
- 2019 January 17, James Acaster: Cold Lasagne Hate Myself 1999[3], spoken by James Acaster:
- Oh yeah, because you know who's been long overdue a challenge? The trans community. Oh, they've had their guard down for too long if you ask me. They'll all be checking their privilege on the way home now thanks to you, you brave little cis boy!
- 2019 September 24, Johnathan Van Ness, Over the Top: A Raw Journey to Self-Love, HarperCollins, →ISBN, pages 117–118:
- The reality is that LGBTQ+ people face challenges at disproportionally higher rates than their straight counterparts — drug use, sex work, and financial instability can be an unfortunate result. My privilege as a young cis white man whose parents weren't going to let me drown afforded me the ability to make those mistakes and live to talk about it.
Usage notes edit
Compare cis- and its usage notes. See also the usage notes for cis and cisgender in the latter’s entry.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
Anagrams edit
Czech edit
Noun edit
cis n (indeclinable)
Further reading edit
Esperanto edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Ido cis, from Latin cis.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Preposition edit
cis
- (nonstandard) on this side of[1][2]
- Synonyms: ĉi-flanke de, maltrans
- Antonym: trans
- Ili loĝas cis tiuj montoj. ― They live on this side of those mountains.
- 2003, Aleksander Korĵe (tr.), “Palto”, in Rusa novelaro[4], Kaliningrad: Sezonoj, translation of original by Nikolaj Gogol, archived from the original on 8 May 2013:
- 2010 September, Donald Broadribb, “Pri tramoj kaj tasoj da teo”, in Mirmekobo, number 10, page 24:
- Trans la strato, laŭ mia vidkapablo, troviĝas nur amaso da arboj; kaj cis, malnovaj mallarĝaj domoj kun komunaj muroj kaj nur etaj gazonoj, kvazaŭ oni devis enŝovi ilin pro manko de spaco.
- Across the street, as far as I can see, is found only a mass of trees; and on this side, little old houses with common walls and only small lawns, as if one had to shove into them for lack of space.
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:cis.
See also edit
References edit
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
From German Cis (German key notation).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
cis
Usage notes edit
- Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.
- In speech, the declension is often: cissän, cissää, simiar to ässä.
Declension edit
Inflection of cis (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | cis | cisit | ||
genitive | cisin | cisien | ||
partitive | cisiä | cisejä | ||
illative | cisiin | ciseihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | cis | cisit | ||
accusative | nom. | cis | cisit | |
gen. | cisin | |||
genitive | cisin | cisien | ||
partitive | cisiä | cisejä | ||
inessive | cisissä | ciseissä | ||
elative | cisistä | ciseistä | ||
illative | cisiin | ciseihin | ||
adessive | cisillä | ciseillä | ||
ablative | cisiltä | ciseiltä | ||
allative | cisille | ciseille | ||
essive | cisinä | ciseinä | ||
translative | cisiksi | ciseiksi | ||
abessive | cisittä | ciseittä | ||
instructive | — | cisein | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Ido edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
cis
- on this side of (anything)
- Cis la rivero la tereno esas pasable sika.
- On this side of the river the terrain is pretty dry.
Antonyms edit
- trans (“on the other side of, beyond, across”)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Esperanto: cis
Noun edit
cis (uncountable)
Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Irish ces (“basket, hamper, pannier; bee-hive, skep; causeway of hurdles”), from Old Norse kesja, Latin cista.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
cis f (genitive singular cise, nominative plural ciseanna)
Alternative forms edit
- ceas f
Noun edit
cis f (genitive singular cise)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
- ciseadóireacht f (“wicker-work; basketry”)
Verb edit
cis (present analytic ciseann, future analytic cisfidh, verbal noun ciseadh, past participle ciste) (transitive, intransitive)
Conjugation edit
singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative | present | cisim | ciseann tú; cisir† |
ciseann sé, sí | cisimid | ciseann sibh | ciseann siad; cisid† |
a chiseann; a chiseas / a gciseann*; a gciseas* |
cistear |
past | chis mé; chiseas | chis tú; chisis | chis sé, sí | chiseamar; chis muid | chis sibh; chiseabhair | chis siad; chiseadar | a chis / ar chis* |
ciseadh | |
past habitual | chisinn / gcisinn‡‡ | chisteá / gcisteᇇ | chiseadh sé, sí / gciseadh sé, s퇇 | chisimis; chiseadh muid / gcisimis‡‡; gciseadh muid‡‡ | chiseadh sibh / gciseadh sibh‡‡ | chisidís; chiseadh siad / gcisidís‡‡; gciseadh siad‡‡ | a chiseadh / a gciseadh* |
chistí / gcist퇇 | |
future | cisfidh mé; cisfead |
cisfidh tú; cisfir† |
cisfidh sé, sí | cisfimid; cisfidh muid |
cisfidh sibh | cisfidh siad; cisfid† |
a chisfidh; a chisfeas / a gcisfidh*; a gcisfeas* |
cisfear | |
conditional | chisfinn / gcisfinn‡‡ | chisfeá / gcisfeᇇ | chisfeadh sé, sí / gcisfeadh sé, s퇇 | chisfimis; chisfeadh muid / gcisfimis‡‡; gcisfeadh muid‡‡ | chisfeadh sibh / gcisfeadh sibh‡‡ | chisfidís; chisfeadh siad / gcisfidís‡‡; gcisfeadh siad‡‡ | a chisfeadh / a gcisfeadh* |
chisfí / gcisf퇇 | |
subjunctive | present | go gcise mé; go gcisead† |
go gcise tú; go gcisir† |
go gcise sé, sí | go gcisimid; go gcise muid |
go gcise sibh | go gcise siad; go gcisid† |
— | go gcistear |
past | dá gcisinn | dá gcisteá | dá gciseadh sé, sí | dá gcisimis; dá gciseadh muid |
dá gciseadh sibh | dá gcisidís; dá gciseadh siad |
— | dá gcistí | |
imperative | cisim | cis | ciseadh sé, sí | cisimis | cisigí; cisidh† |
cisidís | — | cistear | |
verbal noun | ciseadh | ||||||||
past participle | ciste |
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
- cisí m (“handicapper”)
Descendants edit
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
cis | chis | gcis |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “cis”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 ces”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Unadapted borrowing from English cis.
Adjective edit
cis (invariable)
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Italic *ki(s), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱís (“this”).
Cognate with ce-dō, hi-c, ec-ce, Ancient Greek ἐκεῖνος (ekeînos, “that”), Old Irish cē (“here”), Gothic 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 (himma, “to this”). More at he, here.
The accusative could be from either the adverbial derivation, a metaphor like in post and ante, or analogy with trāns.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
cis (+ accusative)
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “cis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “cis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- cis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- cis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Malay edit
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
cis (Jawi spelling چيس)
Further reading edit
- “cis” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Middle English edit
Adjective edit
cis
- (Early Middle English) Alternative form of chis
Old English edit
Etymology edit
Unknown; probably related to ċēosan.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
ċīs
- fussy (in eating)
Declension edit
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ċīs | ċīs | ċīs |
Accusative | ċīsne | ċīse | ċīs |
Genitive | ċīses | ċīsre | ċīses |
Dative | ċīsum | ċīsre | ċīsum |
Instrumental | ċīse | ċīsre | ċīse |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | ċīse | ċīsa, ċīse | ċīs |
Accusative | ċīse | ċīsa, ċīse | ċīs |
Genitive | ċīsra | ċīsra | ċīsra |
Dative | ċīsum | ċīsum | ċīsum |
Instrumental | ċīsum | ċīsum | ċīsum |
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ċīsa | ċīse | ċīse |
Accusative | ċīsan | ċīsan | ċīse |
Genitive | ċīsan | ċīsan | ċīsan |
Dative | ċīsan | ċīsan | ċīsan |
Instrumental | ċīsan | ċīsan | ċīsan |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | ċīsan | ċīsan | ċīsan |
Accusative | ċīsan | ċīsan | ċīsan |
Genitive | ċīsra, ċīsena | ċīsra, ċīsena | ċīsra, ċīsena |
Dative | ċīsum | ċīsum | ċīsum |
Instrumental | ċīsum | ċīsum | ċīsum |
Descendants edit
References edit
- Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898), “cís”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Angus Cameron, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette diPaolo Healey, editors (2018), “cīs”, in Dictionary of Old English: A to I , Toronto: University of Toronto, →OCLC.
Polish edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tisъ, from Proto-Indo-European *taḱs-.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
cis m inan
Declension edit
Note: genitive singular form "cisa" can be used only for sense #1.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
cis n
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
cis (invariable)
- cis, cisgender
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:cis.
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): (Spain) /ˈθis/ [ˈθis]
- IPA(key): (Latin America) /ˈsis/ [ˈsis]
- Rhymes: -is
- Syllabification: cis
Adjective edit
cis (invariable)