cocer

Galician

Alternative forms

• cozer (Reintegrationist)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cozer (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin cocere, from Latin coquere. Cognate with Portuguese cozer and Spanish cocer.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /koˈθeɾ/ [koˈθeɾ]

• IPA^(key): (standard) /koˈθeɾ/ [koˈθeɾ]
• IPA^(key): (seseo) /koˈseɾ/ [koˈseɾ]

• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Hyphenation: co‧cer

Verb

cocer (first-person singular present cozo, first-person singular preterite cocín, past participle cocido)

1. to boil, stew

   Synonym: ferver

   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 131:

     pisa moy ben todo con exulla uedra de porco et faz ende hũa masa et coze todo con uyno, meyxeo ameude ataa que se coza ben

     pound it carefully with old pork lard and make a dough with it and boil everything in wine, stir it frequently till it is well cooked

2. to cook

   Synonym: cociñar

   • c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 89:

     Et estes omẽs yam comendo as carnes ja et os peyxes et pescados que achauam et matauã elles os que podiam prender; pero nõ os coziã que nõ [sabiam] ajnda amaneyra delo, mays enxugauam aquelas carnes et peyxes ao sol

     And these people were eating the meats and seafood and fish that they can find and kill and catch; but they did not cook them, because they still did not know the way, but they dried these meats and seafood in the sun

3. to bake

   Synonym: enfornar

   Maruxiña da Forneira / se é que coces faime un bolo / se mo fas faimo de trigo / que o centeo non cho como (traditional song)

   Little Mary of the Baker / if you bake make a loaf for me / and if you make it, make it wheat / because I don't eat rye

   • c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, page 206:

     fezo cozer pera elles pã çençeno

     She ordered to bake rye bread for them

4. to fire

   Synonym: enfornar

   • 1484, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 445:

     cinco mil ladrillos ben cozidos e de boo barro

     five thousand bricks, correctly fired and made of good clay

5. (flax processing) to ret
6. (wine processing) to ferment

   Synonym: fermentar

7. to digest

   Synonym: dixerir

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cocer (c-z alternation)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	cocer
Personal	cocer	coceres	cocer	cocermos	cocerdes	coceren
Gerund
	cocendo
Past participle
Masculine	cocido			cocidos
Feminine	cocida			cocidas
Indicative
Present	cozo	coces	coce	cocemos	cocedes	cocen
Imperfect	cocía	cocías	cocía	cociamos	cociades	cocían
Preterite	cocín	cociches	coceu	cocemos	cocestes	coceron
Pluperfect	cocera	coceras	cocera	coceramos	cocerades	coceran
Future	cocerei	cocerás	cocerá	coceremos	coceredes	cocerán
Conditional	cocería	cocerías	cocería	coceriamos	coceriades	cocerían
Subjunctive
Present	coza	cozas	coza	cozamos	cozades	cozan
Imperfect	cocese	coceses	cocese	cocésemos	cocésedes	cocesen
Future	cocer	coceres	cocer	cocermos	cocerdes	coceren
Imperative
Affirmative		coce	coza	cozamos	cocede	cozan
Negative (non)		non cozas	non coza	non cozamos	non cozades	non cozan

Derived terms

• cocido
• precocer

Related terms

• cociña
• cociñeiro
• coito

References

• “cozer” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “coz” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “cocer” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “cocer” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “cocer” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Old English

Alternative forms

• cocur

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *kokar, whence also Old Frisian koker, Old Saxon kokar (Dutch koker), Old High German kohhār (German Köcher). The origin of the West Germanic word is unknown, but note that a similar word can be found in Turkic and Mongolic languages: see Proto-Mongolic *kökexür for more.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈko.ker/

Noun

cocer m

1. a quiver for arrows
2. a case, container
3. a sheath

Declension

Declension of cocer (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	cocer	coceras
accusative	cocer	coceras
genitive	coceres	cocera
dative	cocere	cocerum

Descendants

• Middle English: coker, cuker, cokir, cocur, cokre, kokur, quequer, koker
  • English: cocker, cogger

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish cozer, from Late Latin cocere, from Latin coquere. Some conjugated forms of the verb were reformed through analogy with the infinitive; in Old Spanish, the forms cueza and cuezo were cuega and cuego, respectively, coció was coxo, and the past participle was cocho instead of cocido. Cognate with English cook.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /koˈθeɾ/ [koˈθeɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America) /koˈseɾ/ [koˈseɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Syllabification: co‧cer
• Homophone: (Latin America) coser

Verb

cocer (first-person singular present cuezo, first-person singular preterite cocí, past participle cocido)

1. to boil
2. to cook (only used in situations where the food being prepared is submitted to fire; such as through the processes of boiling, simmering or steaming anything; or baking bread slowly in an oven)

   cocer a fuego lento ― simmer

3. (reflexive, figurative) to brew

   Algo se está cociendo

   Something is brewing

4. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to chafe (get sore)

   Synonyms: escocerse, escaldarse

Conjugation

    Conjugation of cocer (irregular; o-ue alternation; c-z alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			cocer
gerund			cociendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		cocido		cocida
		plural		cocidos		cocidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	cuezo	cuecestú cocésvos	cuece	cocemos	cocéis	cuecen
	imperfect	cocía	cocías	cocía	cocíamos	cocíais	cocían
	preterite	cocí	cociste	coció	cocimos	cocisteis	cocieron
	future	coceré	cocerás	cocerá	coceremos	coceréis	cocerán
	conditional	cocería	cocerías	cocería	coceríamos	coceríais	cocerían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	cueza	cuezastú cozásvos2	cueza	cozamos	cozáis	cuezan
	imperfect (ra)	cociera	cocieras	cociera	cociéramos	cocierais	cocieran
	imperfect (se)	cociese	cocieses	cociese	cociésemos	cocieseis	cociesen
	future1	cociere	cocieres	cociere	cociéremos	cociereis	cocieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		cuecetú cocévos	cueza	cozamos	coced	cuezan
	negative		no cuezas	no cueza	no cozamos	no cozáis	no cuezan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of cocer (irregular; o-ue alternation; c-z alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive cocer
	dative	cocerme	cocerte	cocerle, cocerse	cocernos	coceros	cocerles, cocerse
	accusative	cocerme	cocerte	cocerlo, cocerla, cocerse	cocernos	coceros	cocerlos, cocerlas, cocerse
with gerund cociendo
	dative	cociéndome	cociéndote	cociéndole, cociéndose	cociéndonos	cociéndoos	cociéndoles, cociéndose
	accusative	cociéndome	cociéndote	cociéndolo, cociéndola, cociéndose	cociéndonos	cociéndoos	cociéndolos, cociéndolas, cociéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative cuece
	dative	cuéceme	cuécete	cuécele	cuécenos	not used	cuéceles
	accusative	cuéceme	cuécete	cuécelo, cuécela	cuécenos	not used	cuécelos, cuécelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative cocé
	dative	coceme	cocete	cocele	cocenos	not used	coceles
	accusative	coceme	cocete	cocelo, cocela	cocenos	not used	cocelos, cocelas
with formal second-person singular imperative cueza
	dative	cuézame	not used	cuézale, cuézase	cuézanos	not used	cuézales
	accusative	cuézame	not used	cuézalo, cuézala, cuézase	cuézanos	not used	cuézalos, cuézalas
with first-person plural imperative cozamos
	dative	not used	cozámoste	cozámosle	cozámonos	cozámoos	cozámosles
	accusative	not used	cozámoste	cozámoslo, cozámosla	cozámonos	cozámoos	cozámoslos, cozámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative coced
	dative	cocedme	not used	cocedle	cocednos	coceos	cocedles
	accusative	cocedme	not used	cocedlo, cocedla	cocednos	coceos	cocedlos, cocedlas
with formal second-person plural imperative cuezan
	dative	cuézanme	not used	cuézanle	cuézannos	not used	cuézanles, cuézanse
	accusative	cuézanme	not used	cuézanlo, cuézanla	cuézannos	not used	cuézanlos, cuézanlas, cuézanse

Derived terms

• en todas partes cuecen habas
• precocer

 

Related terms

• bizcocho
• cocción
• cocedero
• cocedura
• cochura
• cocimiento
• cocina
• cocinar
• escocer

 

Descendants

• → Tagalog: kusi

Further reading

• “cocer”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014