commutation

      English

      Etymology

      From French commutation, from Latin commūtātiōnem, accusative singular of commūtātiō.

      Pronunciation

      • (UK) IPA: /kɒmjuːˈteɪʃən/

      Noun

      commutation (plural commutations)

      1. (obsolete) A passing from one state to another; change; alteration; mutation.
      2. (obsolete) The act of giving one thing for another; barter; exchange.
      3. (formal or archaic) Substitution of one thing for another; interchange.
      4. Specifically, the substitution of one kind of payment for another, especially a switch to monetary payment from obligations of labour.
        • 1969, Philip Ziegler, The Black Death, Folio Society 2006, p. 213:
          Professor Postan has argued in favour of a rapid move towards commutation in the twelfth century which slackened or even went into reverse in the course of the thirteenth.
      5. (law) The change to a lesser penalty or punishment by the State
        • 1992, Hilary Mantel, A Place of Greater Safety, Harper Perennial 2007, p. 23:
          Monsieur the Marquis de Sade [was] now holed up in one of his châteaux while his wife worked for the commutation of a sentence passed on him recently for poisoning and buggery.
      6. (linguistics) Substitution, as a means of discriminating between phonemes.
      7. (electronics) The reversal of an electric current.

      Translations

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      Last modified on 18 June 2013, at 20:19