confusion

English edit

English Wikipedia has an article on:

confusion

Wikipedia

Etymology edit

From Middle English confusioun, from Old French confusion, from Latin confusio, confusionem.

Morphologically confuse +‎ -ion.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /kənˈfjuːʒən/
Rhymes: -uːʒən
Audio (US) (file)

Noun edit

confusion (usually uncountable, plural confusions)

A lack of clarity or order.
The state of being confused; misunderstanding.
- 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Prologue:
  Forgive these wild and wandering cries,
  ⁠Confusions of a wasted youth;
  ⁠Forgive them where they fail in truth,
  And in thy wisdom make me wise.
The act of mistaking one thing for another or conflating distinct things.
The confusion of sexual orientation and gender identity leads to discrimination and stereotyping.
- 1908, “lay v.¹”, in James A. H. Murray et al., editors, A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VI, Part 1, London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 128:
  Now (exc. in Nautical language, see b) it is only dialectal or an illiterate substitute for lie, its identity of form with the past tense of the latter no doubt accounting largely for the confusion.
Lack of understanding due to dementia.
(archaic) A state of shame or embarrassment.
- 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:
  Lady Bellaston fixed her eyes on Sophia whilst she spoke these words. To which that poor young lady, having her face overspread with blushes and confusion, answered, in a stammering voice […]

Synonyms edit

(lack of clarity or order): discombobulation
(state of being confused): bewilderment, disarray

Antonyms edit

(antonym(s) of "lack of clarity or order"): clarity
(antonym(s) of "misunderstanding"): distinction

Derived terms edit

Translations edit

lack of clarity or order

Arabic: اِلْتِبَاس m (iltibās)
Hijazi Arabic: لخبطة f (laḵbaṭa), حوسة f (ḥōsa), خربطة f (ḵarbaṭa)
Armenian: շփոթ (hy) (špʻotʻ)
Assamese: খেলিমেলি (khelimeli), আউল (aul)
Bulgarian: объ́ркване (bg) n (obǎ́rkvane), бъркоти́я (bg) f (bǎrkotíja)
Catalan: confusió (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 混亂／混乱 (zh) (hǔnluàn)
Czech: zmatek (cs) m
Danish: forvirring c, forvirrelse c
Dutch: verwarring (nl), war (nl)
Esperanto: konfuzo
Finnish: sekaannus (fi), epäselvyys (fi), hämmennys (fi)
French: confusion (fr) f, désordre (fr) m
German: Verwirrung (de) f, Durcheinander (de) n, Konfusion (de) f, Verwechslung (de) f
Greek: σύγχυση (el) f (sýnchysi), μπέρδεμα (el) n (bérdema)
Ancient: ταραχή f (tarakhḗ), τύρβη f (túrbē)
Hebrew: בִּלְבּוּל (he) m (bilbúl)
Hindi: गड़बड़ (hi) m or f (gaṛbaṛ)
Hungarian: zavar (hu), összevisszaság (hu)
Icelandic: ruglingur (is) m, brengl (is) n
Italian: confusione (it) f, disordine (it) m
Japanese: 混乱 (ja) (こんらん, konran)
Khmer: ល្បែ (lbae)
Korean: 혼란(混亂) (ko) (hollan)
Ladino: embroyo, dubarina, enredijo, mareo, taburra
Latin: tumultus m
Malay: kekeliruan
Maori: matangerengere, kaumingomingo, pōkaikaha
Ottoman Turkish: قارش (karış)
Polish: zamieszanie (pl) n, chaos (pl) m
Portuguese: confusão (pt) f
Romanian: confuzie (ro) f
Russian: пу́таница (ru) f (pútanica), неразбери́ха (ru) f (nerazberíxa), беспоря́док (ru) m (besporjádok)
Slovak: zmätok m, chaos (sk) m
Spanish: confusión (es)
Telugu: తడబాటు (te) (taḍabāṭu)
Tocharian B: traike
Ushojo: وار خطئ

state of being confused; misunderstanding

Arabic: اِرْتِبَاك m (irtibāk)
Armenian: շփոթմունք (hy) (špʻotʻmunkʻ), շփոթվածություն (hy) (špʻotʻvacutʻyun), շփոթություն (hy) (špʻotʻutʻyun)
Bulgarian: объ́ркване (bg) n (obǎ́rkvane), неяснота́ (bg) f (nejasnotá)
Catalan: confusió (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 混淆 (zh) (hùnxiáo, hùnyáo, hǔnxiáo)
Danish: forvirring c, forvirrelse c
Esperanto: konfuzo
Finnish: hämmennys (fi)
French: malentendu (fr) m, confusion (fr) f
German: Verwirrung (de) f, Missverständnis (de) n
Greek: σύγχυση (el) f (sýnchysi), παραζάλη (el) f (parazáli), σάστισμα (el) n (sástisma)
Ancient: ταραχή f (tarakhḗ)
Icelandic: ruglingur (is) m, brengl (is) n
Irish: cíor thuathail f
Italian: disorientamento (it) m, sbandamento (it) m
Japanese: 混乱 (ja) (こんらん, konran), 混同 (ja) (こんどう, kondō)
Korean: 혼란(混亂) (ko) (hollan), 혼동(混同) (ko) (hondong), 착란(錯亂) (ko) (changnan)
Malayalam: ആശയക്കുഴപ്പം (ml) (āśayakkuḻappaṁ)
Maori: raumaharatanga, pōnānātanga, matangerengere
Norwegian:
Bokmål: forveksling m or f

Nynorsk: forveksling f
Ottoman Turkish: قارش (karış)
Plautdietsch: Wirwoa m
Polish: nieporozumienie (pl) n
Portuguese: confusão (pt) f
Quechua: musphay, pantay
Romanian: confuzie (ro) f
Russian: недоразуме́ние (ru) n (nedorazuménije), замеша́тельство (ru) n (zamešátelʹstvo), смяте́ние (ru) n (smjaténije)
Slovak: zmätenosť f, nedorozumenie n
Swedish: förvirring (sv) c

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked