costa
English edit
Etymology edit
Unadapted borrowing from Latin costa (“a rib”). Doublet of coast.
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈkɒ.stə/
Audio (Southern England) (file)
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈkɑ.stə/
- Rhymes: -ɒstə
Noun edit
costa (plural costas or costae)
- (anatomy) Synonym of rib.
- (botany, zootomy) A riblike part of a plant or animal, such as a midrib of a leaf or a thickened vein or the margin of an insect wing.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
See also edit
- bone
- guarda costa (etymologically unrelated)
References edit
- “costa”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “costa”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
Anagrams edit
Asturian edit
Etymology edit
From Latin costa, possibly through the intermediate of another language; compare Spanish costa, Galician costa. Doublet of cuesta.
Noun edit
costa f (plural costes)
- shore (land adjoining a large body of water)
Synonyms edit
Catalan edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Latin costa, from Proto-Indo-European *kost-.
Noun edit
costa f (plural costes)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Deverbal from costar. First attested in 1598.
Noun edit
costa f (plural costes)
- (law, usually in the plural) cost, expense (to be paid by the losing side)
- cost, expense
- a costa de ― at the cost/expense of; at (someone's) expense
Etymology 3 edit
Verb edit
costa
- inflection of costar:
Further reading edit
- “costa” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “costa”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “costa” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “costa” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese costa, from Latin costa, from Proto-Indo-European *kost-.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
costa m (plural costas)
- side; flank
- 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 119:
- ffazese nas costas do Cauallo hũa door que faz jnchaço grande et geerase daquel jnchaço carnes podres, et esto ven da sella que he maa ou do gran carrego que o preme moito, et aas vezes dura moito este jnchaço, fazese ende hũa peça de carne poçoenta que chega aos osos et sal vinino ou agooa.
- There appear in the sides of the horse an ache that produces a large swelling and that swelling creates rotten flesh, and this is because of the saddle, that is of poor quality, or from the large load that presses much, and sometimes this swelling last a long time; it then appears a piece of venomous flesh that reaches the bones and pus or water comes out
- slope
- coast
- (anatomy, in the plural) back
- Dóenme as costas
- My back hurts
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “costa” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “costa” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “costa” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “costa” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “costa” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Italian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Latin costa, from Proto-Indo-European *kost-. Cognate with French côte, Romanian coastă, and Spanish cuesta.
Noun edit
costa f (plural coste)
- meanings related to the literal sense:
- (Rome) a cut of meat
- Synonym of costola:
- the blunt edge of a blade
- Synonym: dorso
- the side of a height
- slope (of a mountain)
- a road going up the side of a hill
- (in the plural) pastures along the slope of a mountain
- coast, shoreline
- welt (of fabric)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
costa
- inflection of costare:
Further reading edit
- costa in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Anagrams edit
Ladin edit
Verb edit
costa
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Italic *ko(n/r)stā- (“rib”), of uncertain origin. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *kost-, and compared with Old Church Slavonic кость (kostĭ), Middle Persian [script needed] (kust), as well as *h₃ost- (“bone”), whence os (“bone”). However, de Vaan finds the connection with Slavic improbable and gives no etymology.[1]
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈkos.ta/, [ˈkɔs̠t̪ä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈkos.ta/, [ˈkɔst̪ä]
Noun edit
costa f (genitive costae); first declension
- (anatomy) a rib
- (transferred sense) a side, a wall
- Costae navium.
- The sides of ships.
- Costae aheni.
- The sides of a cauldron.
- Tergora diripere costis.
- To tear off the skin.
Inflection edit
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | costa | costae |
Genitive | costae | costārum |
Dative | costae | costīs |
Accusative | costam | costās |
Ablative | costā | costīs |
Vocative | costa | costae |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Aromanian: coastã
- → Asturian: costa, cuesta
- → Catalan: costa
- Dalmatian: cuasta
- → English: costa
- Friulian: cueste
- → Galician: costa
- → Italian: costa
- → Occitan: còsta
- → Old French: coste
- → Portuguese: costa
- Romanian: coastă
- → Romansch: costa
- Sardinian: colta, → costa
- Sicilian: costa
- Spanish: cuesta, → costa
- → Venetian: costa
See also edit
References edit
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 140
- “costa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “costa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- costa in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
From Latin costa (“side, rib”), in later and Medieval Latin coming to mean “edge” or “coast”. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kost-.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
costa f (plural costas)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Romanian edit
Alternative forms edit
- коста (costa) — post-1930s Cyrillic spelling
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Italian costare, from Latin constāre, present active infinitive of constō. Doublet of the inherited (now archaic) custa and consta, borrowed directly from Latin.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
a costa (third-person singular present costă, past participle costat) 1st conj.
Conjugation edit
infinitive | a costa | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | costând | ||||||
past participle | costat | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | cost | coști | costă | costăm | costați | costă | |
imperfect | costam | costai | costa | costam | costați | costau | |
simple perfect | costai | costași | costă | costarăm | costarăți | costară | |
pluperfect | costasem | costaseși | costase | costaserăm | costaserăți | costaseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să cost | să coști | să coste | să costăm | să costați | să coste | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | costă | costați | |||||
negative | nu costa | nu costați |
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Galician costa or Catalan costa. Compare also the inherited Spanish doublet cuesta.
Noun edit
costa f (plural costas)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
Deverbal from costar (“to cost”).
Noun edit
costa f (plural costas)
- (in certain expressions) expense, costs
- vivir a costa de ― to live on the expense of
- a toda costa ― at all costs
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “costa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014