cuma

See also: Cuma

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin commāter.

Noun

cuma

1. godmother

References

• Bartoli, Matteo (1906) Il Dalmatico: Resti di un’antica lingua romanza parlata da Veglia a Ragusa e sua collocazione nella Romània appenino-balcanica, Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, published 2000

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• tjoema (van Ophuijsen (1901–1947))
• tjuma (Republik/Soewandi (1947–1972))

Etymology

From Malay cuma, from Classical Malay cuma, from Tamil சும்மா (cummā, “lazily, idly, leisurely; just for fun, without any reason, just because”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃu.ma/
• Hyphenation: cu‧ma
• Rhymes: -ma, -a

Adverb

cuma

1. only, merely

Synonyms

• hanya

Derived terms

• bercuma
• cuma-cuma
• mempercumakan
• percuma

 

Further reading

• “cuma” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish cummae, from Proto-Celtic *kombeyom.

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈkʊmˠə/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈkʌmˠə/

Noun

cuma f (genitive singular cuma, nominative plural cumaí)

1. shape, form; appearance, look, effect

Declension

Declension of cuma

Fourth declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative cuma cumaí Vocative a chuma a chumaí Genitive cuma cumaí Dative cuma cumaí

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an chuma na cumaí Genitive na cuma na gcumaí Dative leis an gcuma don chuma leis na cumaí

Derived terms

• ar an gcuma chéanna (“similarly”)
• ar an gcuma sin (“in that respect”)
• ar aon chuma (“at any rate”)
• ar chuma (“in the manner of, like”)
• ar chuma ar bith (“at any rate”)
• de réir cuma (“apparently”)

 

Adjective

cuma

1. (with copula) equal, the same; unimportant

Derived terms

• ar nós cuma/chuma liom (“indifferent”)
• is cuma (“it doesn't matter”)
  • is cuma liom (“it is all the same to me; I don't care”)
  • is cuma duit (“it doesn’t matter to you; it is none of your business”)
• nach cuma? (“so what?”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cuma	chuma	gcuma
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cuma”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Entries containing “cuma” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “cuma” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Kanakanabu

Noun

cuma

1. father

Kikuyu

Alternative forms

• cuuma

Etymology

Borrowed from Swahili chuma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /(t)ɕùːmà(ꜜ)/

This u is pronounced long.

As for Tonal Class, Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 1 with a disyllabic stem, together with ndaka, and so on.

• (Kiambu)
  • (Limuru) As for Tonal Class, Yukawa (1981) classifies this term into a group including cindano, huko, iburi, igego, igoti, ini (pl. mani), inooro, irigũ, irũa, iturubarĩ (pl. maturubarĩ), kĩbaata, kĩmũrĩ, kũgũrũ, mũciĩ, mũgeni, mũgũrũki, mũmbirarũ, mũndũ, mũri, mũthuuri, mwaki (“fire”), mwario (“way of speaking”), mbogoro, nda, ndaka, ndigiri, ngo, njagathi, njogu, nyondo (“breast(s)”), and so on.

Noun

cuma class 9 (plural macuma) or cuma class 9/10 (plural cuma)

1. iron, steel

Derived terms

(Nouns)

• gĩcuma class 7

See also

• kĩgera

Malay

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃumə/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃuma/
• Rhymes: -umə, -mə, -ə
• Rhymes: -a

Etymology 1

From Tamil சும்மா (cummā).

Adverb

cuma (Jawi spelling چوما)

1. only, merely

Synonyms

• hanya / هاڽ

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

cuma (Jawi spelling چوما)

1. vain, useless

Derived terms

• percuma

References

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “چوم tjoema”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, pages 2, 7
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “چوم choma”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 273
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “chuma”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 240

Further reading

• “cuma” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kumô, equivalent to cuman +‎ -a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈku.mɑ/

Noun

cuma m

1. guest
   • c. 973, Æthelwold, translation of the Rule of Saint Benedict

     Fēower and fīftiġ. Be cumena andfenġe.

     54. On the receiving of guests.

   • c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Greater Litany"

     Wē sind eall cuman on þissum līfe, and ūre eard nis nā hēr, ac wē sind hēr swelċe weġfērende menn. Ān cymþ, ōðer færeþ. Sē biþ ācenned, sē ōðer forþfæreþ and rȳmþ him setl.

     We are all guests in this life, and our home is not here, but we're here as wayfaring people. One person comes, another goes. One is born, another dies and makes them room.

2. stranger
   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 25:35

     Iċ wæs cuma and ġē mē inn laðodon.

     I was a stranger and you invited me in.

Declension

Declension of cuma (weak)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	cuma	cuman
accusative	cuman	cuman
genitive	cuman	cumena
dative	cuman	cumum

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German and Old High German zoum, from Proto-Germanic *taumaz (“tether, rope, cord, strap, bridle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡su.ma/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: cu‧ma

Noun

cuma f

1. (nautical) hawser (mooring rope)

Declension

Declension of cuma

	singular	plural
nominative	cuma	cumy
genitive	cumy	cum
dative	cumie	cumom
accusative	cumę	cumy
instrumental	cumą	cumami
locative	cumie	cumach
vocative	cumo	cumy

Derived terms

• cumować
• cumownica
• cumownik
• cumowy

 

Further reading

• cuma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• cuma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ku.mɐ/

• Hyphenation: cu‧ma

Contraction

cuma f sg

1. (Portugal, informal) Contraction of com uma (“with a (feminine)”): feminine of cum

   Tou cuma fome!

   I'm so hungry!

   (literally, “I'm with a hunger!”)

Spanish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkuma/ [ˈku.ma]
• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: cu‧ma

Noun

cuma m (plural cumas)

1. (slang, Chile) rascal, common, vulgar person

   Synonyms: flaite, chulo, ordinario, rasca, punga

Further reading

• “cuma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Ternate

Etymology

From Malay cuma, from Tamil சும்மா (cummā).

Adverb

cuma

1. only, merely

Synonyms

• duga

Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْجُمْعَة (al-jumʕa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dʒuˈmɑː/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

cuma (definite accusative cumayı, plural cumalar)

1. Friday

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	cuma
Definite accusative	cumayı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	cuma	cumalar
Definite accusative	cumayı	cumaları
Dative	cumaya	cumalara
Locative	cumada	cumalarda
Ablative	cumadan	cumalardan
Genitive	cumanın	cumaların