dúil

See also: dùil

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪ˠuːlʲ/

Etymology 1

Noun

dúil f (genitive singular dúile)

1. desire, like, hankering, appetite

   Synonyms: fonn, mian, saint

   Níl dúil i mbainne agam. ― I have no desire for milk.

   D’imigh mo dhúil as an mbiadh. ― I lost my appetite for food.

   Blais é agus tiocfaidh dúil agat ann. ― Taste it and you will get an appetite for it.

   dúil an anma ― an intense desire

   cuirim dúil i ― I desire

   Glacann dúil in athrú mé. ― I became desirous of change.

   Ghlac dúil mé féin sna cártaí. ― I became enamored of card-playing.

   dúil chráite ― a craving

   dúil nimhe ― consuming desire

2. expectation, hope

   Synonyms: dóchas, súil

   ag dúil leis ― expecting him, looking out for him

   mar dhúil is go ― in the hope that

Declension

Declension of dúil

Second declension

Bare forms (no plural form of this noun) Case Singular Nominative dúil Vocative a dhúil Genitive dúile Dative dúil

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Nominative an dúil Genitive na dúile Dative leis an dúil don dúil

Derived terms

• andúil (“addiction”)

Etymology 2

From Old Irish dúil.

Noun

dúil f (genitive singular dúile, nominative plural dúile)

2. element (simplest or essential part or principle of anything; simplest chemical substance; basic building blocks in ancient philosophy)

   Synonyms: eilimint, uraiceacht

3. (in the plural) the elements (atmospheric forces)

   a Dhia na ndúl ― O God of Nature

   Thug sé Dia agus dúile. ― He swore by God and the elements.

   ó Dhia is ó dhúile ― from God and the elements

4. creature, being

   Synonyms: créatúr, neach

   dúil dhaonna ― a human creature

   dúil ainglí ― an angelic being

   dúil bheo ― a living thing

   An dúil de dhéithe í? ― Is she a being from the gods?

   dúil dár dhligh searc ― a being who deserved to be loved

Declension

Declension of dúil

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative dúil dúile Vocative a dhúil a dhúile Genitive dúile dúl Dative dúil dúile

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an dúil na dúile Genitive na dúile na ndúl Dative leis an dúil don dúil leis na dúile

Derived terms

• dúlra (“nature”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
dúil	dhúil	ndúil
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “dúil”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 268
• Entries containing “dúil” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “dúil” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “dúil”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Old Irish

Etymology

MacBain suggests a relation to Ancient Greek θυμός (thumós, “soul, desire, passion”) and Lithuanian dūmas (“smoke”) (NB: Perhaps erroneously, MacBain glosses the Lithuanian as dumas (“thought”)). Regardless, if true, it would be from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [duːlʲ]

Noun

dúil f

1. element
2. being, creature
3. thing

Inflection

Feminine i-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	dúil	dúilL	dúiliH
Vocative	dúil	dúilL	dúiliH
Accusative	dúilN	dúilL	dúiliH
Genitive	dúloH, dúlaH	dúloH, dúlaH	dúileN
Dative	dúilL	dúilib	dúilib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• dúildetu

Descendants

• Irish: dúil
• Scottish Gaelic: dùil

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
dúil	dúil pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/	ndúil
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “dúil”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “dùil”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎^[1], Stirling, →ISBN, page 146