den

See also Appendix:Variations of "den"

English

Etymology

From Middle English den, from Old English denn (“den, lair (of a beast), cave; a swine-pasture, a woodland pasture for swine”), from Proto-Germanic *danjō (“threshing-floor, barn-floor”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰen- (“flat surface, board, sheet, area, palm of the hand”). Cognate with Scots den (“den, lair”), Dutch denne (“burrow, den, cave, attic”), Dutch den (“ship's deck, threshing-floor, mountain floor”), Middle Low German denne, danne (“threshing-floor, small dale”), German Tenne (“threshing-floor”).

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dɛn/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛn

Noun

den (plural dens)

1. The home of certain animals.

   Daniel was put into the lions’ den.

2. A comfortable room not used for formal entertaining.

Synonyms

• (home of certain animals): lair

  See also: Wiktionary appendix of animal terms, including their homes

Translations

home of certain animals

• Armenian: որջ (hy) (orǰ), բույն (hy) (buyn)
• Bulgarian: бърлога (bg) (bărloga) f, леговище (bg) (legovište) n
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 巢穴 (cmn) (cháoxué), 獸穴 (cmn), 兽穴 (cmn) (shòuxué), 獸窟 (cmn), 兽窟 (cmn) (shòukū), 獸窩 (cmn), 兽窝 (cmn) (shòuwō)

• Czech: doupě (cs) n, nora (cs) f
• Danish: hule (da) c
• Dutch: hol (nl) n
• Finnish: luola (fi), pesä (fi)
• French: terrier (fr) m, antre (fr) m, tanière (fr) f
• Georgian: ბუნაგი (ka) (bunagi)
• German: Höhle (de) f, Bau (de) m
• Hungarian: odú (hu), barlang (hu)
• Italian: covo (it) m, tana (it) f

• Japanese: 巣窟 (ja) (そうくつ, sōkutsu)
• Latvian: miga (lv) f
• Manx: towl (gv) m, aaght (gv) m
• Portuguese: toca (pt)
• Romanian: bârlog (ro) n, peșteră (ro) f
• Russian: нора (ru) (norá) f, логово (ru) (lógovo) n, берлога (ru) (berlóga) f (esp. bears)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: брлог (sh), јазбина (sh), јама (sh), лог (sh)

  Roman: brlog (sh), jazbina (sh), jama (sh), log (sh)

• Slovene: brlog (sl) m
• Spanish: madriguera (es) f, cubil (es) m
• Swedish: gryt (sv) n, håla (sv) c, jordkula (sv) c
• Turkmen: süren (tk)

living room of a house

• Danish: værelse (da) n, hybel (da) c, (slang) hummer (da) n, hule (da) c
• Dutch: leefkamer (nl) c

• French: salle à manger (fr) f
• Spanish: gabinete (es) m

Verb

den (third-person singular simple present dens, present participle denning, simple past and past participle denned)

1. (reflexive) To ensconce or hide oneself in (or as in) a den.

Anagrams

• DNE, end, NDE, NED, Ned, ned

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Breton

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *gdonyo- (“human, person”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰom-yo- (“earthling, human”), a derivation of *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”).

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈdẽːn/

Noun

den m

1. human being
2. person, man
3. husband

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Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *gdonyo- (“human, person”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰom-yo- (“earthling, human”), a derivation of *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”).

Pronunciation

• IPA: [deːn], [deən]

Noun

den m (plural tus)

1. man
2. person

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Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *dьnь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic, from Proto-Indo-European *déi-no-, ultimately from *dyew-, *dyeu- (“to shine”).

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

• IPA: /dɛn/

Noun

den m inanimate

1. day

Declension

    declension of den

	singular	plural
nominative	den	dni, dny
genitive	dne, dnu	dní, dnů
dative	dni, dnu	dním, dnům
accusative	den	dni, dny
vocative	dne	dni, dny
locative	dni, dnu	dních, dnech
instrumental	dnem	dny

Derived terms

• deník m
• denní
• dobrý den
• všední

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Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse þann, the accusative form of sá, from Proto-Germanic *sa (“that”), from Proto-Indo-European *só (“this, that”).

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dən/, /dɛn/, [d̥ən] or ['d̥ɛnˀ]
• Rhymes: -ɛn, -ən

Article

den c (neuter det, plural de)

1. (definite) the (used before an adjective preceding a noun)

   bilen - the car; den røde bil - the red car

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dɛn/, [d̥ɛnˀ] or IPA: /dən/, [d̥ən]

Pronoun

den c (neuter det, plural de)

1. (demonstrative) that, the
2. (personal) it

See also

Danish personal pronouns

Number	Person	Inflection	Nominative	Accusative	Possessive	Reflexive	Reflexive possessive
Singular	First	common	jeg	mig	min
		neuter			mit
		plural			mine
	Second	common	du	dig	din
		neuter			dit
		plural			dine
		formal	De	Dem	Deres
	Third	masculine	han	ham	hans	sig	sin
		feminine	hun	hende	hendes
		common	den	den	dens
		neuter	det	det	dets		sit
		plural					sine
Plural	First	—	vi	os	vores
		common			vor
		neuter			vort
		plural			vore
	Second	–	I	jer	jeres
		formal	De	Dem	Deres
	Third	–	de	dem	deres	sig

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA: /dɛn/
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Noun

den m (plural dennen, diminutive dennetje)

1. pine, pine tree

Synonyms

• dennenboom

Article

den (definite)

1. (archaic) Dative (singular or plural) masculine form of de.
2. (archaic) Dative (singular) neuter form of het.

   In den beginne schiep God den hemel en de aarde — In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth

3. (archaic) Accusative singular masculine form of de.

   De baron gaf den koetsier een wenk en het rijtuig rolde heen. — The baron gave the coachman a sign and the carriage rode away. (from the story Gaston von Frankrijk by J.J.A. Goeverneur)

4. (dialectal) Masculine (singular) definite article.

Declension

Dutch definite article
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	de	de	het	de
Genitive	des	der	des	der
Dative	den	de	den	den
Accusative	den	de	het	de

Derived terms

• op den duur

Usage notes

• The use of den was dropped from written Dutch during the spelling reform of 1947; de is now used instead.
• Normally only the nominative is used; other forms are archaic but survive in a number of idiomatic expressions.

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German

Pronunciation

• IPA: [deːn]

• audio

  (file)

• Homophone: dehn
• Rhymes: -eːn

Article

den (definite)

1. the; accusative masculine singular of der
2. the; dative plural for all genders of der

Declension

German definite articles
	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	der	die	das	die
Genitive	des	der	des	der
Dative	dem	der	dem	den
Accusative	den	die	das	die

Pronoun

den

1. that; whom; accusative singular of der

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Irish

Contraction

den

1. Contraction of de an.

   Bhris mé den chrann é. — I broke it off the tree.

   Fuair sé bás den ocras. — He died of hunger.

Usage notes

This contraction is obligatory, i.e. *de an never appears uncontracted. It triggers lenition of a following consonant other than d, s, or t.

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Japanese

Romanization

den

1. See でん

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Lojban

Rafsi

den

1. rafsi of denci.

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Luxembourgish

Determiner

den m

1. unstressed form of deen

Declension

Luxembourgish definite articles
	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nom./acc.	deen (den)	déi (d')	dat (d')	déi (d')
dative	deem (dem)	där (der)	deem (dem)	deen (den)

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Malay

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Selangor) IPA: /den/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA: /dɪn/
• Rhymes: -den, -en

Pronoun

den

1. I, me, my

See also

• aku
• saya

Malay personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person	familiar	aku / اکو	kami / کامي (exclusive) kita / کيت (inclusive)
	polite	saya / ساي
2nd person	familiar	engkau / اڠکاو kamu / کامو awak / اوق
	polite	anda / اندا
3rd person		dia / دي ia / اي -nya / -ڽ	mereka / مريک

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Mandarin

Romanization

den

1. Nonstandard spelling of dēn.
2. Nonstandard spelling of dèn.

Usage notes

English transcriptions of Chinese speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Chinese language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

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Norwegian Bokmål

Pronoun

den (genitive dens)

1. it; third person singular, masculine/feminine gender. Nominative, accusative or dative.

Pronoun

den n

1. (demonstrative pronoun) that

Article

den n

1. The; only used if there is an adjective in front of the noun.

   bilen: the car → den røde bilen: the red car

Related terms

• den
• de
• dem

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronoun

den m and f (neuter det, plural dei)

1. (demonstrative pronoun) that

Article

den

1. the; only used if there is an adjective in front of the noun.

   Han køyrde den raude bilen.

   He drove the red car.

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Spanish

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -en

Verb

den (infinitive dar)

1. Second-person plural (ustedes) present subjunctive form of dar.
2. Third-person plural (ellos, ellas, also used with ustedes^?) present subjunctive form of dar.
3. Second-person plural (ustedes) imperative form of dar.

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Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse þann, accusative of sá, from Proto-Germanic *sa.

Pronunciation

• IPA: dɛn

• audio

  (file)

Pronoun

den c

1. it
2. that

Declension

Swedish personal pronouns

	subject	object	possessive
singular	full	full	common	neuter	plural
1st person	jag	mig	min	mitt	mina
2nd person	du	dig	din	ditt	dina
3rd person masculine	han	honom	hans
3rd person feminine	hon	henne	hennes
3rd person common	den	den	dess
3rd person neuter	det	det	dess
3rd person indefinite	man	en	ens
3rd person reflexive	—	sig	sin	sitt	sina
plural
1st person	vi	oss	vår	vårt	våra
2nd person	ni	er	er	ert	era
3rd person	de	dem	deras
3rd person reflexive	—	sig	sin	sitt	sina

Article

den c (definite)

1. (before an adjective preceding a noun) the

   den röda bilen - “the red car”

Related terms

• det
• det här
• det där
• den här
• den där
• dessa
• de
• dem