Wiktionary

dobry

See also: Dobry and dobrý

Czech edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [ˈdobrɪ]
  • Hyphenation: dob‧ry

Noun edit

dobry

  1. instrumental plural of dobro

Anagrams edit

Lower Sorbian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ.

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

dobry (comparative lěpšy, superlative nejlěpšy, adverb derje)

  1. good

Declension edit

Declension of dobry
Masculine singular Feminine singular Neuter singular Dual Plural
Nominative dobry dobra dobre dobrej dobre
Genitive dobrego dobreje dobrego dobreju dobrych
Dative dobremu dobrej dobremu dobryma dobrym
Accusative dobry
dobrego (animate) 		dobru dobre dobrej
dobreju (animate) 		dobre
dobrych (optional animate form)
Instrumental dobrym dobreju dobrym dobryma dobrymi
Locative dobrem dobrej dobrem dobryma dobrych

Antonyms edit

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “dobry”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999) “dobry”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Old Polish edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /dɔbrɨː/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /dɔbrɨ/

Adjective edit

dobry (comparative lepszy, derived adverb dobrze)

  1. good (beneficial; kind)
  2. good (moral, ethical)
  3. good (turstworthy)
  4. nobile (high in a social hierarchy)
  5. good (of high quality)
  6. good (having a nice taste or flavor)
  7. long (lasting a long time)
  8. good (correct, apt, not wrong)
  9. good (legitimate)
  10. successful
  11. of a certain value
  12. good (used in titles)
  13. corruption of droby

Derived terms edit

adjectives
averb
nouns
verbs

Related terms edit

adjectives
adverbs
nouns
verbs

Descendants edit

  • Masurian: dobri
  • Polish: dobry
  • Silesian: dobry

References edit

Polish edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Polish dobry.

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

dobry (comparative lepszy or (humorous or ironic) dobrzejszy, superlative najlepszy or (humorous or ironic) najdobrzejszy, derived adverb dobrze)

  1. good (moral, ethical)
  2. good (kind, nice, willing to help) [+ dla (genitive) = for whom]
  3. good (of a mood; cheerful, fun, nice)
  4. good (successful)
  5. good (hard-working; tending to carry out one's duties)
  6. good (of a living thing or its parts; functioning)
  7. good (high quality)
  8. good (apt, as wanted or expected)
  9. good (of food and drink; tasty)
  10. good (beneficial)
  11. good (resulting from a correct choice)
  12. good (having a high quality) [+ z (genitive)] or [+ w (locative) = at what]
  13. good (kind, fair, just)
  14. good (having a high social hierarchical position)
  15. good (in close relations)
  16. good (beneficial)
  17. good (expressing approval)
  18. (colloquial) good (having a large size; lasting a long time)
    Obrót Ziemi wokół Słońca zajmuje dobre 365 dni. ― The rotation of the Earth around the Sun takes a good 365 days.
    Pojechaliśmy dobry kawałek drogi. ― We covered a good bit of distance (literally, “We drove a good chunk of road.”)
  19. good (healthy)
  20. (obsolete) rich
    Synonym: bogaty
  21. (Middle Polish) good; Further details are uncertain.
    • 1551, S. Murzynowski, Ortografija polska‎[2], page B2v:
      y był/ dobry/ bywſzy/ zły/ gdźie téſz niemożeſz rzec żeby iedna rzecz była/ być a bić.
    • 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon‎[3], page 6c:
      Albus, Biały/ per Metaphoram. Bonus, Dobry
    • 1568, M. Rej, Zwierciadło‎[4], page 238v:
      Dobry/ to ſłowo/ Káżdemu zdrowo.
    • 1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum‎[5], page 775a:
      Perbonus ‒ Barzo dobri.

Declension edit

Declension of dobry (hard)
singular plural
masculine animate masculine inanimate feminine neuter virile (= masculine personal) non-virile
nominative dobry dobra dobre dobrzy dobre
genitive dobrego dobrej dobrego dobrych
dative dobremu dobrej dobremu dobrym
accusative dobrego dobry dobrą dobre dobrych dobre
instrumental dobrym dobrą dobrym dobrymi
locative dobrym dobrej dobrym dobrych

Noun edit

dobry m inan

  1. (education) B (the letter grade assigned) [+ z (genitive) = in what subject]
    Synonym: czwórka

Declension edit

Declension of dobry
singular plural
nominative dobry dobre
genitive dobrego dobrych
dative dobremu dobrym
accusative dobry dobre
instrumental dobrym dobrymi
locative dobrym dobrych
vocative dobry dobre

Synonyms edit

Antonyms edit

Derived terms edit

adjectives
adverbs
interjections
nouns
particle
proverb
verbs
verbs

Related terms edit

adjective
adverb

Trivia edit

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), dobry is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 29 times in scientific texts, 32 times in news, 50 times in essays, 64 times in fiction, and 121 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 296 times, making it the 170th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References edit

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “dobry”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 77

Further reading edit

  • dobry in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • dobry in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “dobry”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • “DOBRY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 02.12.2020
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “dobry”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[6]
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “dobry”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎[7]
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “dobry”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[8] (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 475
  • dobry in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
  • Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “dobry”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN

Silesian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Polish dobry.

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

dobry (comparative lepszy, superlative nojlepszy, derived adverb dobrze)

  1. good
    Antonyms: niydobry, zły

Declension edit

Declension of dobry
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine virile nonvirile
nominative dobry dobre dobrŏ dobrzi dobre
genitive dobrego dobryj dobrych
dative dobrymu dobryj dobrym
accusative animate dobrego dobre dobrõ dobrych dobre
inanimate dobry
instrumental dobrym dobrōm dobrymi
locative dobrym dobryj dobrych
vocative dobry dobre dobrŏ dobrzi dobre

Related terms edit

interjections

Further reading edit

Upper Sorbian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ.

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

dobry (comparative lěpši, superlative najlěpši, absolute superlative nanajlěpši, excessive předobry, adverb derje)

  1. good

Declension edit

Declension of dobry
singular dual plural
masculine neuter feminine virile nonvirile virile nonvirile
personal/animate inanimate
nominative, vocative dobry dobre dobra dobraj dobrej dobri dobre
genitive dobreho
dobroh¹ 		dobreje dobreju dobrych
dative dobremu
dobrom¹ 		dobrej dobrymaj dobrym
accusative dobreho
dobroh¹ 		dobry dobre dobru dobreju dobrej dobrych dobre
instrumental dobrym dobrej dobrymaj dobrymi
locative dobrych

References edit

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