doktor
Albanian edit
Noun edit
doktor m (plural doktorë, definite doktori, definite plural doktorët); feminine equivalent doktoreshë
- a male doctor
Declension edit
Azerbaijani edit
Cyrillic | доктор | |
---|---|---|
Abjad | دوکتور |
Etymology edit
Internationalism; ultimately from Latin doctor.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
doktor (definite accusative doktoru, plural doktorlar)
- doctor (a person who has attained a doctorate)
- tarixi elmlər doktoru ― a PhD (doctor) in history
- physician
Declension edit
Declension of doktor | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | doktor |
doktorlar | ||||||
definite accusative | doktoru |
doktorları | ||||||
dative | doktora |
doktorlara | ||||||
locative | doktorda |
doktorlarda | ||||||
ablative | doktordan |
doktorlardan | ||||||
definite genitive | doktorun |
doktorların |
Bikol Central edit
Alternative forms edit
- Dr. (abbreviation)
- Doc, dok
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktór (Basahan spelling ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜍ᜔)
- doctor; physician
- Synonym: parabulong
- (dated) act of tinkering with
- Synonym: ano
- (dated) act of fiddling with
- Synonym: kuyan
Derived terms edit
Brunei Malay edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English doctor, from Middle English doctor, doctour (“an expert, authority on a subject”), from Anglo-Norman doctour, from Latin doctor (“teacher”), from doceō (“I teach”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor
Hyponyms edit
- doktor bedah (“surgeon”)
- doktor gigi (“dentist”)
- doktor pakar (“specialist”)
Derived terms edit
Cebuano edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish doctor, from Latin doctor (“teacher”), from doceō (“I teach”).
Verb sense, borrowed from English doctor
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: dok‧tor
Noun edit
doktor (doktór feminine, doktora)
Verb edit
doktór
- to doctor (alter or falsify a document)
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Czech doktor, from Latin doctor.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor m anim (feminine doktorka)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
Danish edit
Etymology edit
From Latin doctor, from doceō (“to teach”) + -tor + agent noun.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor c (singular definite doktoren, plural indefinite doktorer)
Inflection edit
common gender |
Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | doktor | doktoren | doktorer | doktorerne |
genitive | doktors | doktorens | doktorers | doktorernes |
Synonyms edit
- (physician): læge
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “doktor” in Den Danske Ordbog
Estonian edit
Etymology edit
German Doktor. Doublet of tohter.
Noun edit
doktor (genitive doktori, partitive doktorit)
- doctor (person who has obtained a doctorate)
- doctor (physician)
- Synonym: arst
- Doctor (title)
- Synonym: dr
Declension edit
Declension of doktor (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | doktor | doktorid | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | doktori | ||
genitive | doktorite | ||
partitive | doktorit | doktoreid | |
illative | doktorisse | doktoritesse doktoreisse | |
inessive | doktoris | doktorites doktoreis | |
elative | doktorist | doktoritest doktoreist | |
allative | doktorile | doktoritele doktoreile | |
adessive | doktoril | doktoritel doktoreil | |
ablative | doktorilt | doktoritelt doktoreilt | |
translative | doktoriks | doktoriteks doktoreiks | |
terminative | doktorini | doktoriteni | |
essive | doktorina | doktoritena | |
abessive | doktorita | doktoriteta | |
comitative | doktoriga | doktoritega |
Further reading edit
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor (plural doktorok)
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | doktor | doktorok |
accusative | doktort | doktorokat |
dative | doktornak | doktoroknak |
instrumental | doktorral | doktorokkal |
causal-final | doktorért | doktorokért |
translative | doktorrá | doktorokká |
terminative | doktorig | doktorokig |
essive-formal | doktorként | doktorokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | doktorban | doktorokban |
superessive | doktoron | doktorokon |
adessive | doktornál | doktoroknál |
illative | doktorba | doktorokba |
sublative | doktorra | doktorokra |
allative | doktorhoz | doktorokhoz |
elative | doktorból | doktorokból |
delative | doktorról | doktorokról |
ablative | doktortól | doktoroktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
doktoré | doktoroké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
doktoréi | doktorokéi |
Possessive forms of doktor | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | doktorom | doktoraim |
2nd person sing. | doktorod | doktoraid |
3rd person sing. | doktora | doktorai |
1st person plural | doktorunk | doktoraink |
2nd person plural | doktorotok | doktoraitok |
3rd person plural | doktoruk | doktoraik |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- doktor in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- doktor in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Icelandic edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor m (genitive singular doktors, nominative plural doktorar)
- doctor (person with a university doctorate)
Declension edit
m-s1 | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | doktor | doktorinn | doktorar | doktorarnir |
accusative | doktor | doktorinn | doktora | doktorana |
dative | doktor | doktornum | doktorum | doktorunum |
genitive | doktors | doktorsins | doktora | doktoranna |
Derived terms edit
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Dutch doctor (“doctor (person who has attained a doctorate)”), from Middle Dutch doctor, from Latin doctor (“teacher, instructor”). Doublet of dokter.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor
Usage notes edit
The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay doktor.
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “doktor” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Ladino edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Turkish doktor, from French docteur.
Noun edit
doktor m (Latin spelling)
Malay edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English doctor, from Middle English doctor, doctour (“an expert, authority on a subject”), from Anglo-Norman doctour, from Latin doctor (“teacher”), from doceō (“I teach”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor
Usage notes edit
- The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian doktor.
- Both Standard Malaysian and Singaporean Malay plus Indonesian lists "person who has attained a doctorate" sense. However, Indonesian uses the cognate dokter, for the physician sense.
Derived terms edit
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
doktor m (definite singular doktoren, indefinite plural doktorer, definite plural doktorene)
Synonyms edit
- (physician): lege
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “doktor” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
doktor m (definite singular doktoren, indefinite plural doktorar, definite plural doktorane)
- Doctor (person who has attained a doctorate)
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “doktor” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Czech edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin doctor.[1] Compare Old Polish doktor.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor m pers (related adjective doktorský)
- (Ecclesiastic) teacher
- doctor (person holding a doctorate)
- scholar
- (religion) Honorary title of church dignitaries.
Declension edit
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | doktor | doktory | doktoři, doktorové |
genitive | doktora | doktorú | doktoróv |
dative | doktoru, doktorovi | doktoroma | doktoróm |
accusative | doktora | doktory | doktory |
vocative | doktoře | doktory | doktoři, doktorové |
locative | doktoru, doktorovi | doktorú | doktořiech |
instrumental | doktorem | doktoroma | doktory |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Derived terms edit
- doktorovati impf
Descendants edit
- Czech: doktor
References edit
- ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “doktor”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “doktor”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old Polish edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin doctor.[1][2][3][4] First attested in c. 1420. Compare Old Czech doktor.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor m ? (related adjective doktorowski)
- scholar (learned person; especially an expert in the Bible and theology, in Christianity sometimes the official title of theological writers)
- 1874-1891 [c. 1420], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, page 86:
- Wszelky mysztrz nawczony, wszelky doctor albo pyszarz w crolewszthwe nebeszkem (omnis scriba doctus in regno coelorum Mat 13, 52) rowni yeszth oczczw czeladnemw
- [Wszelki mistrz nauczony, wszelki doktor albo pisarz w krolewstwie niebieskim (omnis scriba doctus in regno coelorum Mat 13, 52) rowny jest oćcu czeladnemu]
- Beginning of the 15th century, Kazania gnieźnieńskie[3], page 11b:
- Ten tho velebny doctor, gemusczy Bedza (leg. Beda) dzegø, mouiy
- [Ten to wielebny doktor, jemużci Beda dzieją, mowi]
- doctor (person holding a doctorate)
- 1895 [1448–1450], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, page 82:
- Yvsz prawa polska szą dokonana, yasz wykladana przes mystrza y doctora Swanthoslawa s Woczyeschyna, cvstosscha kosczola warszewskyego swąnthego Iana
- [Już prawa polska są dokonana, jaż wykładana przez mistrza i doktora Świętosława s Wocieszyna, kustosza kościoła warszewskiego Świętego Jana]
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “doktor”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “doktor”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “doktor”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language][1] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
- ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “doktor”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “doktor”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish edit
Alternative forms edit
- doktór (regional or colloquial)
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Polish doktor.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ˈdɔk.tɔr/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈdɔk.tɔr/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔktɔr
- Syllabification: dok‧tor
Noun edit
doktor m pers (female equivalent doktor or doktorka, diminutive doktorek, abbreviation dr)
- (colloquial, medicine) physician, medical doctor
- doctor (person holding a doctorate)
- (obsolete) doctor, scholar
- Synonym: uczony
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- doktorować impf
- bawić się w doktora impf
Descendants edit
- → Kashubian: doktór
Trivia edit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), doktor is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 3 times in scientific texts, 52 times in news, 15 times in essays, 22 times in fiction, and 39 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 131 times, making it the 460th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
Noun edit
doktor f (indeclinable)
- (colloquial, medicine) female equivalent of doktor (“physician, medical doctor”)
- Synonym: doktorka
- female equivalent of doktor (“doctor”) (person holding a doctorate)
- Synonym: doktorka
References edit
Further reading edit
- doktor in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- doktor in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “doktor”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “DOKTOR”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 18.03.2016
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “doktor”, in Słownik języka polskiego[4]
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “doktor”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[5]
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “doktor”, in Słownik języka polskiego[6] (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 495
- doktor in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Serbo-Croatian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
dȍktor m (Cyrillic spelling до̏ктор)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Slovak edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor m anim (declension pattern of chlap, feminine doktorka)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Swedish edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor c
Declension edit
Declension of doktor | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | doktor | doktorn | doktorer | doktorerna |
Genitive | doktors | doktorns | doktorers | doktorernas |
Synonyms edit
- (physician): läkare
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Finnish: tohtori
Further reading edit
- doktor in Svensk ordbok.
Tagalog edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish doctor (“doctor”), from Latin doctor (“teacher”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktór (feminine doktora, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔)
- doctor; physician
- Synonyms: manggagamot, mediko
- doctorate degree
- Synonym: doktorado
- (colloquial) falsification
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “doktor”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
From Ottoman Turkish دوقتور (doktor), from French docteur, from Latin doctor (“teacher”), from doceō (“I teach”). Cognate with Azerbaijani doktor.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
doktor (definite accusative doktoru, plural doktorlar)
Declension edit
Synonyms edit
Descendants edit
- → Ladino: doktor
References edit
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “دوقتور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[7], Constantinople: Mihran, page 610
Yogad edit
Noun edit
doktór