escusar
Galician edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese escusar, from Latin excūsāre, present active infinitive of excūsō.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
escusar (first-person singular present escuso, first-person singular preterite escusei, past participle escusado)
- (transitive) to excuse
- (transitive) to don't need something, to avoid
- Quen ao sementar é mesquiño, pr'a seitura escusa fouciño (proverb)
- The one who is miserable sowing, won't need a sickle for the harvest.
- O que ben almorza escusa o xantar (proverb)
- The one who eats a good breakfast does not need dinner.
- 1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 633:
- o que á de seer nõ se pode escusar, quer uena a torto, quer a dereyto
- You can't avoid the future, now if it comes crooked, now if it's right
- 1371, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 434:
- Et demays foron buscar todos los outros coengos [...] et trouxeronnos por força et contra suas voontades et enssarraronnos con os outros enno dito thesouro [...] Et esteueron aly por espacio de noue dias [...] Et os uellos et fraquos que non podian sayr, ouueron de fazer dentro enno dito thesouro aquello que he nescessario et se non pode escussar.
- they went to fetch every other canon [...] and they brought them forcibly and against their wills and they locked them inside the treasury room [...] And they were there for nine days [...] And the elders and the weak ones, that couldn't get out, were forced to do inside the treasure that which is necessary and can't be avoided.
- (transitive with de) to be unnecessary to do something
- 1813, anonymous author, Conversa no adro da igrexa:
- escusades de xurá-lo que volo creo mui ben
- You don't need to swear it, because I really believe you
Conjugation edit
1Less recommended.
Related terms edit
References edit
- “escusar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “escus” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “escusar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “escusar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
- “escusar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “escusar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- “escusar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese escusar, from Latin excūsāre.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
escusar (first-person singular present escuso, first-person singular preterite escusei, past participle escusado)
- (transitive) to forgive; to pardon; to excuse
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive with de or por) to apologize [for]
- (transitive) to excuse (to allow to leave)
- (transitive) to excuse; to justify (to be an acceptable reason for)
- Synonyms: justificar, ser desculpa para
Conjugation edit
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Spanish escusar, from Latin excūsāre. Cf. the modified form excusar. The meaning in this word was influenced by escuso (“hidden”), the old past participle of esconder (“to hide”), corresponding to Latin abscōnsus; cf. also escusa.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
escusar (first-person singular present escuso, first-person singular preterite escusé, past participle escusado)
Conjugation edit
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
References edit
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading edit
- “escusar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014