etc.
English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English et cetera, etc., from Latin etc., an abbreviation of et cetera (“and the rest [of the things]; and the other things”).
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ˌɛt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/, /ɪt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/, (see usage notes) /ˌɛkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/, /ɪkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/
Audio (US) (file)
Phrase edit
etc.
- And so on: used to note that the rest of a list or piece of information has been left out on the assumption that it is similar or already known.
- Synonym: asf
- The grocery shop sells cucumbers, lettuce, radishes, etc.
- The plagiarism was painfully obvious: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times," etc.
Usage notes edit
- "Etc." is typically read out as the full Latin phrase et cetera rather than as letters (as with "i.e.") or as a contraction (as with "et seq."). It is, however, sometimes read out as its English calque and so on (as with "e.g.").
- In Latin, et cetera refers solely to other things. It is therefore properly avoided in lists of people, where "et al." (that is, et alii) is used instead. "Et al." is thus sometimes sharply distinguished from "etc." in English, although the same abbreviation can also stand for the Latin et alia, which is a synonym of "etc."
- Because "etc." effectively makes a list exhaustive, it is properly avoided when using other abbreviations (such as "e.g." and "viz.") that offer partial examples. If the "etc." is desired, "i.e." may be used in their places.
- Some speakers use a /k/ sound in place of the /t/ in the first word. This is usually proscribed and somewhat stigmatized. It is represented in eye dialect as "excetera", "exetera", or "ekcetera".
Synonyms edit
- ...
- and so forth
- and so on
- and the rest
- blah blah blah
- et al. (sometimes distinguished: see the usage notes)
- you name it
Coordinate terms edit
Translations edit
and so on — see also and so forth
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See also edit
Anagrams edit
Danish edit
Etymology edit
Adverb edit
etc.
Synonyms edit
Fala edit
Etymology edit
Probably borrowed from Spanish etc., itself an abbreviation of Latin et cētera.
Adverb edit
etc.
- etc. (and the rest; and so forth)
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Anexu: Nossa Fala:
- Por siglus, a xienti de capital (rica) i as mismas Instituciós (Iglexiia, Escuelas, Xiusticia, funcionarius, etc.) tiñan a fala cumu algo de ignorantis, atrasaus, vulgariai.
- For centuries, the people from the capital (rich) and the same institutions (Church, Schools, Justice, public servants, etc.) held Fala as something of ignorant people, backward people, vulgarity.
French edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ɛt.se.te.ʁa/, (proscribed) /ɛk.se.te.ʁa/
- (Quebec) IPA(key): /ɛt.se.te.ʁa/, (informal) /ɛt.ʃe.te.ʁa/
Audio (file) Audio (Switzerland) (file)
Adverb edit
etc.
- et cetera (and so on)
Anagrams edit
German edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Adverb edit
etc.
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
An abbreviation of Hungarian etcetera, from Latin et cetera (“and the rest [of the things]; and the other things”).
Pronoun edit
etc.
Synonyms edit
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
Adverb edit
etc.
Middle English edit
Phrase edit
etc.
- Alternative form of et cetera
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Phrase edit
etc.
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
Phrase edit
etc.
Spanish edit
Alternative forms edit
Adverb edit
etc.
- Abbreviation of etcétera.
Swedish edit
Adverb edit
etc.
- Abbreviation of et cetera. Abbreviation of etcetera.