English edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈɛk.ˌstɜː(ɹ)n/

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle French externe or its etymon Latin externus.

Noun edit

extern (plural externs)

  1. A person affiliated with an institution in a lesser capacity, for example, as a non-resident or as a part-time affiliate.
    1. A day-scholar.
  2. Outward form or part; exterior.

Adjective edit

extern

  1. (obsolete, rare) External; outward; not inherent
    • c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies [] (First Folio), London: [] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:
      Heaven is my judge, not I for love and duty, / But seeming so, for my particular end, / For when my outward action doth demonstrate / The native act and figure of my heart / In complement extern, 'tis not long after / But I will wear my heart upon my sleeve / For daws to peck at.
    • 1663, Edward Waterhous [i.e., Edward Waterhouse], chapter XIV, in Fortescutus Illustratus; or A Commentary on that Nervous Treatise De Laudibus Legum Angliæ, Written by Sir John Fortescue Knight, [], London: [] Tho[mas] Roycroft for Thomas Dicas [], →OCLC, page 214:
      For if the ſoul of man vvere emancipated by virtue, it vvould not need any regulation or monition, beſides that of its invvard Tribunal; vvhich becauſe ſin does uſurp upon, has ſome relief from thoſe extern adjuments.

References edit

Etymology 2 edit

Short for external; used as a keyword in these programming languages.

Noun edit

extern (plural externs)

  1. (programming) In the C and C++ programming languages, a variable that can be separately declared in many places, all of them referring to the same variable.
    • 1995, Martin L. Rinehart, Learn C++ Today!, page 552:
      Finally, get rid of the two function declarations and two externs that we added at the top of TEFIL.CPP so that we could support file_open().
    • 2018, Brian Beuken, The Fundamentals of C/C++ Game Programming:
      This is probably the big thing with C++, the more you can avoid global concepts and nasty externs the better, an object/class should be totally self-contained.

Catalan edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Latin externus.

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

extern (feminine externa, masculine plural externs, feminine plural externes)

  1. external
    Antonym: intern
  2. inessential
    Synonym: inessencial
    Antonyms: intern, essencial
  3. (education) off-campus (pertaining to a student who is at a school only during classes)
    Antonym: intern
  4. (geology) Pertaining to foreland, the zone where material eroded from a mountain chain is deposited

Hyponyms edit

  • (external): aliè (external to a social group)

Derived terms edit

See also edit

Noun edit

extern m (plural externs, feminine externa)

  1. (education) off-campus student
    Antonym: intern

Further reading edit

Dutch edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from French externe, from Latin externus.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ɛksˈtɛrn/
  • (file)
  • Hyphenation: ex‧tern
  • Rhymes: -ɛrn

Adjective edit

extern (not comparable)

  1. external
    Synonym: uitwendig
  2. exterior

Inflection edit

Inflection of extern
uninflected extern
inflected externe
comparative
positive
predicative/adverbial extern
indefinite m./f. sing. externe
n. sing. extern
plural externe
definite externe
partitive externs

German edit

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

extern (strong nominative masculine singular externer, not comparable)

  1. external

Declension edit

Further reading edit

  • extern” in Duden online
  • extern” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Romanian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from French externe, from Latin externus.

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

extern m or n (feminine singular externă, masculine plural externi, feminine and neuter plural externe)

  1. external
    Antonym: intern

Declension edit

Further reading edit

Swedish edit

Adjective edit

extern

  1. external

Declension edit

Inflection of extern
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular extern mer extern mest extern
Neuter singular externt mer externt mest externt
Plural externa mer externa mest externa
Masculine plural3 externe mer externa mest externa
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 externe mer externe mest externe
All externa mer externa mest externa
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic