fram
See also: fram-
Faroese edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse fram, from Proto-Germanic *fram.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
fram (comparative fremri, superlative fremst)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
German edit
Verb edit
fram
- inflection of framen:
Gothic edit
Romanization edit
fram
- Romanization of 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse fram, from Proto-Germanic *fram.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
fram
- forth, forward
- in a direction that is closer to the exit of the house
- Antonym: inn
- Farðu fram í stofu. ― Go to the living room (which is closer to the exit than the room we are currently in).
- away from the coast
- (Suðurland) towards the coast
Derived terms edit
Compound words:
Other:
Irish edit
Noun edit
fram
Jamaican Creole edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
fram
- from
- A town yuh come fram?
- Are you from Kingston?
- 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, Matyu 1:17:
- So fram Iebriyam go chriet baka Dievid, a fuotiin jinarieshan Jiizas did av. An fram Dievid taim op tu wen dem did tek we di Izrel piipl dem an fuos dem fi go wok a Babilan a fuotiin jinarieshan Jiizas did av de-so tu, an fram da taim de tu wen Krais Jiizas baan, a fuotiin jinarieshan dat tu.
- So all the generations from Abraham to David were fourteen generations, and from David to the deportation to Babylon fourteen generations, and from the deportation to Babylon to the Christ fourteen generations.
- 2018, Ragashanti, “Man a tell lie pon food”, in The Jamaica Star[1]:
- “Wen him see di caller a come outta har house him hear har a argue wid a man. Di man say him neva waan she order fram di restaurant an tell har not to eva order fram dem again. […] ”
- When he saw the caller exit her house, he heard her arguing with a man. The man said he didn't want her to order from the restaurant and told her not to ever order from them again. […]
Further reading edit
- fram at JamaicanPatwah.com
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
fram
Alternative forms edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “fram” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
fram
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “fram” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Germanic *fram (“forward”), from Proto-Indo-European *prom-, *pr- (“forward, through”). Akin to Old High German fram (“forth, forward”), Old Norse fram (“forward, onward”, adverb), Old Norse frá (preposition), Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 (fram).
Alternative forms edit
Preposition edit
fram
- from [+dative]
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"
- ...þā læġ þǣr sum creopere lama fram cildhāde sē wæs dæġhwāmlīce ġeboren tō þām beorhtan ġete þæt hē ælmessan underfencge æt þām infarendum...
- Then lay there a cripple, lame from childhood, who was daily carried to the 'Beautiful' Gate, that he might receive alms from those entering.
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of St. Alban, Martyr"
- Hē rād ðā on his mule mid mycelre fyrde þurh ǣnne hēahne holt mid hetelīcum ġeþance; þā ġefeng hine ān trēow be ðām fexe sona forþan þe hē wæs sīdfæxede and hē swā hangode, and sē mul arn forð fram þām ārlēasan hlāford and Dauides þeġnas hine þurhðydon.
- Then he rode on his mule with a great army through a high wood, with hostile intention; then speedily a tree caught him by the hair, because be was long-haired, and he hanged so, and the mule ran forward from the wicked lord, and David's thanes pierced him through.
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"
- since [+dative]
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of St. Julian and his wife Basilissa"
- Gewitað fram us, we synd wraðe geswæncte and mid fyre for-numene for iulianes intingan, æfre fram þam dæge þe ge hine ærest dræhton.
- Depart from us, we are fiercely tormented and consumed with fire, for Julian's sake, ever since the day that ye first vexed him.
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of St. Julian and his wife Basilissa"
- by [+dative]
- c. 992, Ælfric, "THE FIRST SUNDAY IN LENT"
- Se Hælend wæs gelæd fram þam Halgan Gaste to anum westene, to ðy þæt he wære gecostnod fram deofle: and he ða fæste feowertig daga and feowertig nihta, swa þæt he ne onbyrigde ætes ne wætes on eallum þam fyrste: ac siððan him hingrode.
- Jesus was led by the Holy Ghost to a waste, in order that he might be tempted by the devil: and he there fasted forty days and forty nights, so that he tasted neither food nor drink in all that time: but he then hungered."
- c. 992, Ælfric, "THE FIRST SUNDAY IN LENT"
Usage notes edit
The meaning 'by' is comes after a past participle.
Descendants edit
Adverb edit
fram
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-West Germanic *fram, from Proto-Germanic *framaz (“forward, protruding”), from Proto-Indo-European *prom-, *pr- (“forward, through”).
Alternative forms edit
Adjective edit
fram
Declension edit
Declension of fram — Strong
Declension of fram — Weak
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Old Norse edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *fram, from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“forth, forward”).
Adverb edit
fram (comparative fremr, superlative fremst)
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “fram”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse fram, from Proto-Germanic *fram.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
fram (not comparable)
- forth, forward, out
- De gick fram genom skogen
- They walked forward (forth) through the forest (redundant in Swedish as well, but not as unidiomatic)
- Hären marscherade fram
- The army marched forward/forth
- Han tog fram en flaska vin
- He took out ("took forth") a bottle of wine
- De hoppade fram ur skuggarna
- They jumped out of (leapt forth from) the shadows
- Till slut kom sanningen fram
- Eventually, the truth came out
- 1907, Laura Fitinghoff, Barnen från Frostmofjället[2]:
- Anna-Lisa rodnade djupt när hon ensam gick fram.
- Anna-Lisa blushed deeply when she all alone went forward.
- ahead
- Fortsätt rakt fram i två kilometer
- Continue straight ahead ("straight forth/forward") for two kilometers
- Vägen delar sig längre fram
- The road forks up ahead ("splits itself further forth/forward")
- Glöm inte att ställa fram klockan en timme imorgon
- Don't forget to set the time one hour ahead tomorrow ("set forth the clock one hour tomorrow")
- (later) on, (further) on, etc. (when applied to time or progress or the like)
- Synonym: senare (“later”)
- Jag kommer återkomma till det längre fram i presentationen
- I will come back to that later on ("further ahead/forth") in the presentation
- Det är inget vi planerar i nuläget. Men vem vet, kanske längre fram?
- That is not something we are planning at the moment. But who knows, maybe later on?
- (towards and) to a destination, there
- Vi kom fram vid femtiden
- We got there around five o'clock
- När kommer ni fram?
- When will you arrive?
- Det tog fem timmar att åka fram och tillbaka
- It took five hours to get there and back
- Efter att ha gått genom skogen kom de fram till huset
- After walking through the forest, they arrived at the house
- Jag har kommit fram, så nu är jag framme
- I have arrived, so now I am here (at the destination)
- Hann du fram (i tid)?
- Did you get there in time?
- (figurative) Also of time and more abstractly.
- Vädret förblir varmt ända fram till helgen
- The weather will stay warm (all the way) until the weekend ("all the way forth to the weekend")
- Laget nådde inte riktigt fram
- The team didn't quite make it ("didn't quite reach the destination")
- komma fram till något
- arrive at a conclusion ("arrive at something") (intuitively thought of more as a fixed expression by native speakers)
- in front, front
- Byxorna har fickor fram och bak
- The trousers have pockets in the front and in the back / The trousers have pockets front and back
- Antonym: bak
Usage notes edit
- Except not sounding literary or formal, the meaning of fram is usually best captured by English forth. Like forth, fram can mean both forward and out (of for example something being brought out/forth, or coming out/forth (thus appearing into view)). (sense 2) can be thought of as forth with an often implied "to a destination."
- Used for spatial, either of movement through or of position in space, as well as temporal adverbials; in the latter usage it will often correspond to later on. It is also a particle used in the formation of Swedish phrasal verbs, e.g. "ta fram" = "bring forth" = "bring out, develop."