gast
English edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English gasten, from Old English gǣstan, from Proto-Germanic *gaistijaną. Also spelled ghast due to association with ghost.
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɡɑːst/
Audio (Southern England) (file)
- (General American) IPA(key): /ɡæst/
- Rhymes: -ɑːst, -æst
Verb edit
gast (third-person singular simple present gasts, present participle gasting, simple past and past participle gasted)
- (obsolete) To frighten.
- c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:
- Or whether gasted by the noise I made, full suddenly he fled.
Anagrams edit
Breton edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Old Irish gast, from Proto-Celtic *gasliyā, from *gas, of uncertain ultimate origin, but compare French gouine (“lesbian”), and Proto-Brythonic *gwėɣin (“sheath”).[1]
Noun edit
gast f (plural gisti)
- (vulgar, derogatory) whore, bitch
Inflection edit
References edit
- ^ MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911), “gast”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN
Danish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Frisian gāst, from Proto-West Germanic *gaist.
Noun edit
gast c (singular definite gasten, plural indefinite gaster)
- A crew member on a ship
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Dutch gast, from Old Dutch *gast, from Proto-West Germanic *gasti, from Proto-Germanic *gastiz.
Noun edit
gast m (plural gasten, diminutive gastje n)
- guest
- (chiefly in combinations) knave, worker, apprentice, delivery boy
- Antonyms: meester, stagemeester
- (colloquial) dude, guy
Derived terms edit
- bakkersgast
- eregast
- gastenverblijf
- gastheer
- gasthuis
- gastorganisme
- gastrecht
- gastvriend
- gastvrij
- gastvrouw
- logeergast
- meestergast
- slaapgast
- slagersgast
- spuitgast
- vergasten
Descendants edit
- Negerhollands: gast
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
gast
- inflection of gassen:
Gothic edit
Romanization edit
gast
- Romanization of 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄
Icelandic edit
Verb edit
gast
Middle English edit
Noun edit
gast
- Alternative form of gost
Old English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *gaist, from Proto-Germanic *gaistaz.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gāst m
- spirit
- sē Hālga Gāst
- the Holy Spirit
- Iċ bēo mid þē on gāste.
- I'll be with you in spirit.
- ghost
- breath
- demon
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- gāstlīċ (“spiritual”)
Descendants edit
Old French edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Based on Latin vastus (“uncultivated, unoccupied”)
Noun edit
gast oblique singular, m (oblique plural gaz or gatz, nominative singular gaz or gatz, nominative plural gast)
Adjective edit
gast m (oblique and nominative feminine singular gaste)
Descendants edit
References edit
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (gast)
- gast on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
Old Frisian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *gaist. Cognates include Old English gāst and Old Saxon gēst.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gāst m
Descendants edit
References edit
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 28
Old High German edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *gasti, see also Old Norse gestr, Latin hostis (“enemy”).
Noun edit
gast m (plural gesti)
Declension edit
case | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | gast | gesti |
accusative | gast | gesti |
genitive | gastes | gesto |
dative | gaste | gestim, gesten |
instrumental | gastu | — |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Old Saxon edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *gasti, whence also Old English ġiest.
Noun edit
gast m
Declension edit
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | gast | gest |
accusative | gast | gest |
genitive | gasties | gastiō |
dative | gastie | gastium |
instrumental | — | — |
Descendants edit
Swedish edit
Etymology 1 edit
See gäst
Noun edit
gast c
- A crew member on a ship
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Swedish gaster, possibly borrowed from Old Frisian gāst, from Proto-West Germanic *gaist.
Noun edit
gast c
Usage notes edit
The more common word for ghost is spöke.
Declension edit
Declension of gast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | gast | gasten | gastar | gastarna |
Genitive | gasts | gastens | gastars | gastarnas |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- gast in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- gast in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- gast in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams edit
Welsh edit
Etymology edit
From Irish gast, from Proto-Celtic *gasliyā, from *gas, of uncertain ultimate origin, but compare French gouine (“lesbian”), and Proto-Brythonic *gwėɣin (“sheath”).[1]
Noun edit
gast f (plural geist)
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
gast | ast | ngast | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- ^ MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911), “galla”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN