guarder
English edit
Etymology edit
School slang relates to Stonyhurst College in the United Kingdom.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
guarder (plural guarders)
- A person who guards; a guard.
- 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 27, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:
- they found themselves in view of the town, whence the night before they had hoised sailes, where they were pursued by the guarders and Souldiers of the Port.
- (school slang, soccer) A goalkeeper.
- 1914 February, “Hodder Notes”, in The Stonyhurst Magazine[1], volume 13, number 192, page 819:
- The Hodder Football is very good this year, and we have an excellent team. Hammond is a good guarder and can save some very difficult shots.
Derived terms edit
- (goalkeeper): second-guarder, third-guarder
- coast guarder
References edit
- (goalkeeper): John S[tephen] Farmer; W[illiam] E[rnest] Henley, compilers (1890–1904) “guarder”, in Slang and Its Analogues Past and Present. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to VII or 1 to 7), [London: […] Harrison and Sons] […], →OCLC, page 104.
Anagrams edit
Middle French edit
Verb edit
guarder
Conjugation edit
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of guarder
infinitive | simple | guarder | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | guardant | |||||
compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past participle | guardé | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | guarde | guardes | guarde | guardons | guardez | guardent |
imperfect | guardois, guardoys | guardois, guardoys | guardoit, guardoyt | guardions, guardyons | guardiez, guardyez | guardoient, guardoyent | |
past historic | guarda | guardas | guarda | guardasmes | guardastes | guarderent | |
future | guarderai, guarderay | guarderas | guardera | guarderons | guarderez | guarderont | |
conditional | guarderois, guarderoys | guarderois, guarderoys | guarderoit, guarderoyt | guarderions, guarderyons | guarderiez, guarderyez | guarderoient, guarderoyent | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | guarde | guardes | guarde | guardons | guardez | guardent |
imperfect | guardasse | guardasses | guardast | guardassions | guardassiez | guardassent | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | guarde | — | guardons | guardez | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). |
Old French edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.
Verb edit
guarder
Conjugation edit
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-d, *-ds, *-dt are modified to t, z, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of guarder (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | guarder | avoir guardé | |||||
gerund | en guardant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | guardant | ||||||
past participle | guardé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | guart | guardes | guarde | guardons | guardez | guardent |
imperfect | guardoie, guardeie, guardoe, guardeve | guardoies, guardeies, guardoes, guardeves | guardoit, guardeit, guardot, guardeve | guardiiens, guardiens | guardiiez, guardiez | guardoient, guardeient, guardoent, guardevent | |
preterite | guardai | guardas | guarda | guardames | guardastes | guarderent | |
future | guarderai | guarderas | guardera | guarderons | guarderoiz, guardereiz, guarderez | guarderont | |
conditional | guarderoie, guardereie | guarderoies, guardereies | guarderoit, guardereit | guarderiiens, guarderiens | guarderiiez, guarderiez | guarderoient, guardereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | guart | guarz | guart | guardons | guardez | guardent |
imperfect | guardasse | guardasses | guardast | guardissons, guardissiens | guardissoiz, guardissez, guardissiez | guardassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | guarde | — | guardons | guardez | — |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Bourguignon: gadier, gadai
- Champenois: vadya
- Franc-Comtois: gaidjai, vădjaî
- Middle French: garder, guarder
- French: garder
- Norman: garder, gardaïr
- Old Lorrain: warzer
- Lorrain: vadya
- Picard: wardeu (Artésien)
- Walloon: aurder (Charleroi), aurdè (Forrières), wårder (Liégeois)
- → Middle English: guard
- English: guard
References edit
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (garder)
- garder on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub