hámlik

Hungarian edit

Etymology edit

First attested in 1527. From Proto-Uralic *kama (“skin”)^[1] + -lik.^[2] Cognates include Finnish kamara.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): [ˈhaːmlik]
Hyphenation: hám‧lik
Rhymes: -aːmlik

Verb edit

hámlik

(intransitive) to peel (to come off in layers)
Hámlik a bőre. ― His skin is peeling.

Usage notes edit

This verb belongs among those whose subjunctive forms (as well as adverbial participle and potential) would generate a cluster of three consonants, which is hard to pronounce. To avoid it, linguistic literature usually advises inserting a vowel between the first two consonants (or in some cases, avoiding these forms altogether). However, many native speakers find it just as awkward as the triple-consonant option and shrink from using it, even refusing these forms on hearing (although people have no objection to using the same linking vowel with other verbs like oszlik or bomlik). If someone wants to avoid these forms, a synonymous verb can be used instead or the sentence can be rephrased. (Verbs that are currently categorized as not having the above forms at all are listed at Hungarian defective verbs. However, in this case there is not always a clear dividing line between uncommon and impossible.) Further reading (in Hungarian): [1] [2] [3]

Conjugation edit

conjugation of hámlik

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	hámlok	hámlasz	hámlik	hámlunk	hámlotok	hámlanak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	hámlottam	hámlottál	hámlott	hámlottunk	hámlottatok	hámlottak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. hámlani fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	hámlék	hámlál	hámla	hámlánk	hámlátok	hámlának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. hámlik vala, hámlott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	hámlandok	hámlandasz	hámland	hámlandunk	hámlandotok	hámlandanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	hámlanék	hámlanál	hámlana	hámlanánk	hámlanátok	hámlanának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hámlott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	hámoljak	hámolj or hámoljál	hámoljon	hámoljunk	hámoljatok	hámoljanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hámlott légyen
Infinitive	hámlani		hámlanom	hámlanod	hámlania	hámlanunk	hámlanotok	hámlaniuk
Other forms	hámlás		hámló	hámlott	―	hámolva (hámolván)

potential conjugation of hámlik

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	hámolhatok	hámolhatsz	hámolhat	hámolhatunk	hámolhattok	hámolhatnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	hámolhattam	hámolhattál	hámolhatott	hámolhattunk	hámolhattatok	hámolhattak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	hámlhaték	hámlhatál	hámlhata	hámlhatánk	hámlhatátok	hámlhatának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. hámolhat vala, hámolhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	hámolhatandok or hámlandhatok	hámolhatandasz or hámlandhatsz	hámolhatand or hámlandhat	hámolhatandunk or hámlandhatunk	hámolhatandotok or hámlandhattok	hámolhatandanak or hámlandhatnak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	hámolhatnék	hámolhatnál	hámolhatna	hámolhatnánk	hámolhatnátok	hámolhatnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hámolhatott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	hámolhassak	hámolhass or hámolhassál	hámolhasson	hámolhassunk	hámolhassatok	hámolhassanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hámolhatott légyen
Inf.	(hámolhatni)		(hámolhatnom)	(hámolhatnod)	(hámolhatnia)	(hámolhatnunk)	(hámolhatnotok)	(hámolhatniuk)
Positive adjective			―	Neg. adj.	―	Adv. part.	(hámolhatva / hámolhatván)

Derived terms edit

hám

(With verbal prefixes):

lehámlik

Related terms edit

hámoz

References edit

^ Entry #233 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
^ hámlik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)