hapertua

Finnish

Etymology

hapera +‎ -tua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɑpertuɑˣ/, [ˈhɑ̝pe̞rˌt̪uɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -uɑ
• Syllabification^(key): ha‧per‧tu‧a

Verb

hapertua

1. (intransitive) to become brittle

Usage notes

See hapero of the difference between hauras and hapero.

Conjugation

Inflection of hapertua (Kotus type 52*K/sanoa, rt-rr gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		haperrun	en haperru	1st sing.	olen hapertunut	en ole hapertunut
2nd sing.		haperrut	et haperru	2nd sing.	olet hapertunut	et ole hapertunut
3rd sing.		hapertuu	ei haperru	3rd sing.	on hapertunut	ei ole hapertunut
1st plur.		haperrumme	emme haperru	1st plur.	olemme hapertuneet	emme ole hapertuneet
2nd plur.		haperrutte	ette haperru	2nd plur.	olette hapertuneet	ette ole hapertuneet
3rd plur.		hapertuvat	eivät haperru	3rd plur.	ovat hapertuneet	eivät ole hapertuneet
passive		haperrutaan	ei haperruta	passive	on haperruttu	ei ole haperruttu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		haperruin	en hapertunut	1st sing.	olin hapertunut	en ollut hapertunut
2nd sing.		haperruit	et hapertunut	2nd sing.	olit hapertunut	et ollut hapertunut
3rd sing.		hapertui	ei hapertunut	3rd sing.	oli hapertunut	ei ollut hapertunut
1st plur.		haperruimme	emme hapertuneet	1st plur.	olimme hapertuneet	emme olleet hapertuneet
2nd plur.		haperruitte	ette hapertuneet	2nd plur.	olitte hapertuneet	ette olleet hapertuneet
3rd plur.		hapertuivat	eivät hapertuneet	3rd plur.	olivat hapertuneet	eivät olleet hapertuneet
passive		haperruttiin	ei haperruttu	passive	oli haperruttu	ei ollut haperruttu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hapertuisin	en hapertuisi	1st sing.	olisin hapertunut	en olisi hapertunut
2nd sing.		hapertuisit	et hapertuisi	2nd sing.	olisit hapertunut	et olisi hapertunut
3rd sing.		hapertuisi	ei hapertuisi	3rd sing.	olisi hapertunut	ei olisi hapertunut
1st plur.		hapertuisimme	emme hapertuisi	1st plur.	olisimme hapertuneet	emme olisi hapertuneet
2nd plur.		hapertuisitte	ette hapertuisi	2nd plur.	olisitte hapertuneet	ette olisi hapertuneet
3rd plur.		hapertuisivat	eivät hapertuisi	3rd plur.	olisivat hapertuneet	eivät olisi hapertuneet
passive		haperruttaisiin	ei haperruttaisi	passive	olisi haperruttu	ei olisi haperruttu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		haperru	älä haperru	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		hapertukoon	älköön hapertuko	3rd sing.	olkoon hapertunut	älköön olko hapertunut
1st plur.		hapertukaamme	älkäämme hapertuko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		hapertukaa	älkää hapertuko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		hapertukoot	älkööt hapertuko	3rd plur.	olkoot hapertuneet	älkööt olko hapertuneet
passive		haperruttakoon	älköön haperruttako	passive	olkoon haperruttu	älköön olko haperruttu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		hapertunen	en hapertune	1st sing.	lienen hapertunut	en liene hapertunut
2nd sing.		hapertunet	et hapertune	2nd sing.	lienet hapertunut	et liene hapertunut
3rd sing.		hapertunee	ei hapertune	3rd sing.	lienee hapertunut	ei liene hapertunut
1st plur.		hapertunemme	emme hapertune	1st plur.	lienemme hapertuneet	emme liene hapertuneet
2nd plur.		hapertunette	ette hapertune	2nd plur.	lienette hapertuneet	ette liene hapertuneet
3rd plur.		hapertunevat	eivät hapertune	3rd plur.	lienevät hapertuneet	eivät liene hapertuneet
passive		haperruttaneen	ei haperruttane	passive	lienee haperruttu	ei liene haperruttu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		hapertua		present	hapertuva	haperruttava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hapertuakseni hapertuaksemme 2nd hapertuaksesi hapertuaksenne 3rd hapertuakseen hapertuaksensa		past	hapertunut	haperruttu
2nd	inessive2	hapertuessa	haperruttaessa	agent3	hapertuma
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hapertuessani hapertuessamme 2nd hapertuessasi hapertuessanne 3rd hapertuessaan hapertuessansa		negative	hapertumaton
	instructive	hapertuen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. 4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
3rd	inessive	hapertumassa	—
	elative	hapertumasta	—
	illative	hapertumaan	—
	adessive	hapertumalla	—
	abessive	hapertumatta	—
	instructive	hapertuman	haperruttaman
4th4	verbal noun	hapertuminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st hapertumaisillani hapertumaisillamme 2nd hapertumaisillasi hapertumaisillanne 3rd hapertumaisillaan hapertumaisillansa

Synonyms

• haurastua

Further reading

• “hapertua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02