incarner
French edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin incarnāre, from Latin carō. Cf. also the Old French form encharner.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
incarner
- (religion) to incarnate
- to embody, to personify
- (theater) to play (act as a certain character)
- (reflexive) to ingrow (become ingrown) (of a toenail or fingernail)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of incarner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | incarner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | incarnant /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | incarné /ɛ̃.kaʁ.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | incarne /ɛ̃.kaʁn/ |
incarnes /ɛ̃.kaʁn/ |
incarne /ɛ̃.kaʁn/ |
incarnons /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nɔ̃/ |
incarnez /ɛ̃.kaʁ.ne/ |
incarnent /ɛ̃.kaʁn/ |
| imperfect | incarnais /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nɛ/ |
incarnais /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nɛ/ |
incarnait /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nɛ/ |
incarnions /ɛ̃.kaʁ.njɔ̃/ |
incarniez /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nje/ |
incarnaient /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | incarnai /ɛ̃.kaʁ.ne/ |
incarnas /ɛ̃.kaʁ.na/ |
incarna /ɛ̃.kaʁ.na/ |
incarnâmes /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nam/ |
incarnâtes /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nat/ |
incarnèrent /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | incarnerai /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁe/ |
incarneras /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁa/ |
incarnera /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁa/ |
incarnerons /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/ |
incarnerez /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁe/ |
incarneront /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | incarnerais /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
incarnerais /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
incarnerait /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
incarnerions /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
incarneriez /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁje/ |
incarneraient /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | incarne /ɛ̃.kaʁn/ |
incarnes /ɛ̃.kaʁn/ |
incarne /ɛ̃.kaʁn/ |
incarnions /ɛ̃.kaʁ.njɔ̃/ |
incarniez /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nje/ |
incarnent /ɛ̃.kaʁn/ |
| imperfect2 | incarnasse /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nas/ |
incarnasses /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nas/ |
incarnât /ɛ̃.kaʁ.na/ |
incarnassions /ɛ̃.kaʁ.na.sjɔ̃/ |
incarnassiez /ɛ̃.kaʁ.na.sje/ |
incarnassent /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | incarne /ɛ̃.kaʁn/ |
— | incarnons /ɛ̃.kaʁ.nɔ̃/ |
incarnez /ɛ̃.kaʁ.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Turkish: enkarne (via past participle)
Further reading edit
- “incarner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin edit
Verb edit
incarner