jealousy

English

Etymology

From Middle English jalousie, from Old French jalousie, see jealous, -y. Doublet of jalousie. Related also to zeal, zealous.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒɛləsi/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Hyphenation: jeal‧ous‧y

Noun

jealousy (countable and uncountable, plural jealousies)

1. (countable, uncountable) A state of being jealous; a jealous attitude.

   Coordinate term: envy

   • 1907, Charles J. Archard, The Portland Peerage Romance:

     Jealousy was, however, aroused among the English nobility at the favouritism shown the Dutch newcomer.

   • 1891, Louis Antoine Fauvelet De Bourrienne, R. W. Phipps, transl., Memoirs Of Napoleon Bonaparte:

     […] the jealousy of his foes of each other's share in the booty […].

   • 2010 September 10, Scott Sigler, THE STARTER: Space Opera Adventure, Empty Set Entertainment, →ISBN:

     He knew what it was like to feel jealousy over the possessions of others... he'd never thought he could make someone feel the same. He didn't want to make someone feel the same. [...] "I want one for myself." Quentin's smile faded.

   1. (archaic) A close concern for someone or something, solicitude, vigilance.
      • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “vij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book VIII:

        For euer I supoosed that he had ben to yonge and to tendyr to take vpon hym these aduentures / And therfore by my wille I wold haue dryuen hym aweye for Ialousy that I had of his lyf / for it maye be no yong knyghtes dede that shal enchyeue this aduenture to the ende

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Synonyms

• jealousness

Antonyms

• compersion

Related terms

• jealous (adjective)
• jealously (adverb)
• jalousie
• zealous

Translations

jealous attitude (e.g. fear of infidelity)

• Albanian: zili (sq) f, xhelozi (sq) f
• Arabic: غَيْرَة f (ḡayra)

  South Levantine Arabic: غيرة (ḡēre)

• Armenian: խանդ (hy) (xand)
• Assamese: হিংসা (hiṅxa)
• Azerbaijani: qısqanclıq
• Belarusian: рэ́ўнасць f (réŭnascʹ), за́йздрасць f (zájzdrascʹ)
• Bulgarian: ре́вност (bg) f (révnost)
• Catalan: gelosia (ca) f
• Chichewa: nsanje
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 嫉妒 (zat⁶ dou³), 妒忌 (dou³ gei⁶)

  Mandarin: 嫉妒 (zh) (jídù), 妒忌 (zh) (dùjì), 醋勁／醋劲 (zh) (cùjìn), 醋 (zh) (cù), 醋意 (zh) (cùyì)

• Czech: žárlivost (cs) f
• Danish: jalousi (da) c
• Dutch: jaloezie (nl), jaloersheid (nl) f, afgunst (nl) f, naijver (nl), ijverzucht (nl), ijver (nl) m
• Esperanto: ĵaluzo
• Faroese: øvundsjúka f
• Finnish: mustasukkaisuus (fi)
• French: jalousie (fr) f
• Galician: ciúme m, ciúmes m, cío m
• Georgian: ეჭვიანობა (eč̣vianoba)
• German: Eifersucht (de) f, Missgunst (de) f
• Greek: ζήλια (el) f (zília)
• Hindi: जलन (hi) f (jalan), ईर्षा (hi) f (īrṣā)
• Hungarian: féltékenység (hu), féltékenykedés (hu)
• Icelandic: afbrýði, afbrýðisemi f
• Ido: jaluzeso (io)
• Italian: gelosia (it) f
• Japanese: 嫉妬 (ja) (しっと, shitto), しっと (shitto), ジェラシー (jerashī)
• Khmer: ប្រចណ្ឌ (km) (prɑcan)
• Korean: 질투(嫉妬) (ko) (jiltu)
• Latvian: greizsirdība f
• Macedonian: љубомора f (ljubomora)
• Magahi: 𑂅𑂩𑂹𑂎𑂰 (irkhā)
• Malayalam: അസൂയ (ml) (asūya), കുശുമ്പ് (ml) (kuśumpŭ)
• Maori: pūngaengae
• Middle English: jalousie
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: sjalusi (no) m

  Nynorsk: sjalusi m

• Occitan: gelosiá (oc) f
• Old English: andung
• Persian: رشک (fa) (rašk)
• Polish: zazdrość (pl) f
• Portuguese: ciúme (pt), ciúmes (pt)
• Punjabi: ਈਰਖਾ (pa) (īrakhā)
• Romanian: gelozie (ro) f
• Russian: ре́вность (ru) f (révnostʹ)
• Scottish Gaelic: eud m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: за́вист f, љубо̀мора f

  Roman: závist (sh) f, ljubòmora (sh) f

• Slovak: žiarlivosť f
• Slovene: ljubosumje n
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: zawisć f

• Spanish: celo (es) m, celos (es) m pl
• Swahili: ghera
• Swedish: svartsjuka (sv) c
• Sylheti: ꠎꠟꠣ (zola)
• Tagalog: selos (tl)
• Tajik: рашк (tg) (rašk)
• Tarifit: tusmin f pl
• Telugu: అసూయ (te) (asūya), ఈర్ష్య (te) (īrṣya)
• Tulu: ಅಸೂಯ (asūya​)
• Turkish: kıskançlık (tr)
• Ukrainian: ре́внощі m pl (révnošči), ре́вність f (révnistʹ), за́здрість f (zázdristʹ)
• Uzbek: rashk (uz)
• Vietnamese: ghen (vi)

a resentment towards someone for a perceived advantage or superiority they hold

• Albanian: xhelozi (sq) f, zili (sq) f
• Arabic: حَسَد m (ḥasad)

  South Levantine Arabic: حسد m (ḥasad)

• Armenian: նախանձ (hy) (naxanj)
• Belarusian: за́йздрасць f (zájzdrascʹ), за́вісць f (záviscʹ)
• Bulgarian: за́вист (bg) f (závist)
• Catalan: gels (ca) m pl
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 妒嫉 (zh) (dùjí)

• Czech: závist (cs) f
• Danish: misundelighed c, misundelse c
• Dutch: nijd (nl) m, afgunst (nl) f
• Finnish: kateus (fi)
• French: jalousie (fr) f, envie (fr) f, convoitise (fr) f
• Galician: goña f, acexo m, livor m
• Georgian: შურიანობა (šurianoba), შური (ka) (šuri)
• German: Missgunst (de) f, Neid (de) m
• Greek: ζήλια (el) f (zília)

  Ancient: φθόνος (phthónos)

• Hebrew: קִנְאָה (he) f (kin'á)
• Italian: invidia (it) f
• Japanese: ねたみ (ja) (netami)
• Khmer: ប្រចណ្ឌ (km) (prɑcan), ឥច្ឆា (km) (ʼəcchaa), ឥស្សា (km) (ʼihsaa)
• Korean: 부러움 (bureoum)
• Latin: invidia f, zelus (la) m
• Macedonian: завист f (zavist)
• Magahi: 𑂙𑂰𑂯 (ḍāh)
• Malayalam: അസൂയ (ml) (asūya)
• Ngazidja Comorian: wivivu class 11
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: misunnelse (no) m

• Old Church Slavonic:

  Cyrillic: зависть f (zavistĭ)

• Old English: andung
• Persian: حسادت (fa) (hasâdat), حسد (fa) (hasad)
• Polish: zawiść (pl) f, zazdrość (pl) f
• Portuguese: inveja (pt) f
• Romanian: invidie (ro) f
• Russian: за́висть (ru) f (závistʹ)
• Scottish Gaelic: eud m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: за́вист f, љубо̀мора f, ја̑л m

  Roman: závist (sh) f, ljubòmora (sh) f, jȃl (sh) m

• Silesian: zŏwiść f
• Slovak: závisť f
• Slovene: zavist f
• Spanish: envidia (es) f
• Swedish: avund (sv) c, avundsjuka (sv) c
• Tulu: ಅಸೂಯ (asūya​)
• Ukrainian: за́здрощі m pl (zázdrošči), за́здрість f (zázdristʹ), за́висть f (závystʹ)

close, zealous vigilance, envy

• Arabic: حَسَد m (ḥasad), غَبْط m (ḡabṭ)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 妒忌 (zh) (dùjì), 羡慕 (zh) (xiànmù)

• Dutch: jaloersheid (nl) f, naijver (nl)
• French: jalousie (fr) f, envie (fr) f
• Galician: envexa (gl) f, morgaña f, roubeta f
• Georgian: შურიანობა (šurianoba), შური (ka) (šuri)
• German: Neid (de) m, Missgunst (de) f
• Greek: ζήλια (el) f (zília)
• Irish: formad m

  Old Irish: format n

• Japanese: 妬み (ねたみ, netami)
• Malayalam: അസൂയ (ml) (asūya)
• Old English: æfēst, æfēstnes
• Polish: zazdrość (pl) f, zawiść (pl) f
• Portuguese: inveja (pt)
• Russian: ре́вность (ru) (révnostʹ), за́висть (ru) f (závistʹ)
• Scottish Gaelic: eud m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: за́вист f, љубо̀мора f

  Roman: závist (sh) f, ljubòmora (sh) f

• Spanish: envidia (es) f
• Tarifit: tusmin f pl

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Italian: ^{(please verify)} gelosia (it) f
• Slovene: ^{(please verify)} ljubosumje n (1)
• Swahili: ^{(please verify)} wivu (sw), ^{(please verify)} wizu (sw)
• Tamil: ^{(please verify)} எரச்சல் (eraccal)

Further reading

• Jealousy on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Jealousy in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)