kaiho
See also: kaihō
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *kaiho (“harm, damage, loss”), from Proto-Uralic *kajša-w (“sickness”).[1] Cognate with Estonian kahju, Ingrian kaiho, Karelian kaiho, Livonian ka’i, Võro kaih and Votic kaiho.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
kaiho
Declension edit
Inflection of kaiho (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | kaiho | kaihot | ||
genitive | kaihon | kaihojen | ||
partitive | kaihoa | kaihoja | ||
illative | kaihoon | kaihoihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | kaiho | kaihot | ||
accusative | nom. | kaiho | kaihot | |
gen. | kaihon | |||
genitive | kaihon | kaihojen | ||
partitive | kaihoa | kaihoja | ||
inessive | kaihossa | kaihoissa | ||
elative | kaihosta | kaihoista | ||
illative | kaihoon | kaihoihin | ||
adessive | kaiholla | kaihoilla | ||
ablative | kaiholta | kaihoilta | ||
allative | kaiholle | kaihoille | ||
essive | kaihona | kaihoina | ||
translative | kaihoksi | kaihoiksi | ||
abessive | kaihotta | kaihoitta | ||
instructive | — | kaihoin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms edit
compounds
References edit
Further reading edit
- “kaiho”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams edit
Ingrian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *kaiho. Cognates include Finnish kaiho and Estonian kahju.
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯ho/, [ˈkɑi̯hŏ̞̥]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯ho/, [ˈkɑi̯ho̞]
- Rhymes: -ɑi̯ho
- Hyphenation: kai‧ho
Noun edit
kaiho
- whining
- craving, longing
- 1915, Volmari Porkka, “1149a. Soikkola. III 10 b”, in Väinö Salminen, editor, Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot[3], volume III1, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines 5-6:
- Kelle on linnaa ikkäävä, // Kelle on kaiho Kaarastaa,
- Whoever has his boring city, // Whoever has a longing for Kaarasta,
- loss, damage
Declension edit
Declension of kaiho (type 4/koivu, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | kaiho | kaihot |
genitive | kaihon | kaihoin, kaiholoin |
partitive | kaihoa | kaihoja, kaiholoja |
illative | kaihoo | kaihoi, kaiholoihe |
inessive | kaihoos | kaihois, kaiholois |
elative | kaihost | kaihoist, kaiholoist |
allative | kaiholle | kaihoille, kaiholoille |
adessive | kaihool | kaihoil, kaiholoil |
ablative | kaiholt | kaihoilt, kaiholoilt |
translative | kaihoks | kaihoiks, kaiholoiks |
essive | kaihonna, kaihoon | kaihoinna, kaiholoinna, kaihoin, kaiholoin |
exessive1) | kaihont | kaihoint, kaiholoint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Synonyms edit
- (longing): ikävä
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Votic: kaiho
References edit
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 123
Votic edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
kaiho
Inflection edit
Declension of kaiho (type II/võrkko, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | kaiho | kaihod |
genitive | kaiho | kaihojõ, kaihoi |
partitive | kaihoa | kaihoitõ, kaihoi |
illative | kaihosõ, kaiho | kaihoisõ |
inessive | kaihoz | kaihoiz |
elative | kaihossõ | kaihoissõ |
allative | kaiholõ | kaihoilõ |
adessive | kaihollõ | kaihoillõ |
ablative | kaiholtõ | kaihoiltõ |
translative | kaihossi | kaihoissi |
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. |
References edit
- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “kaiho”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn