kelvata
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *këlbat'ak, borrowed from Pre-Germanic *kelp- (“help”) (from Proto-Indo-European *ḱelb-, *ḱelp- and whence Proto-Germanic *helpaną, compare English help, Swedish hjälpa), or alternatively borrowed from Baltic (compare Lithuanian gelbėti).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
kelvata
- (intransitive) to do, work, suffice, be good enough
- traditional, traditional (lyrics and music), “Siihen laihin eläny”, South Ostrobothnian dialect, with normalization to Standard Finnish in brackets:
- Siihen laihin eläny
ja siihen laihin eläny
että kellenkään en kelepaa
ja kellenkään en kelepaa.- [Siihen lajiin elänyt
ja siihen lajiin elänyt
että kellekään en kelpaa
ja kellekään en kelpaa.] - Such have I lived
and such have I lived
that I'm good enough for no one
and I'm good enough for no one
- [Siihen lajiin elänyt
- (intransitive) to do, be reasonable or acceptable
- Synonym: sopia
Conjugation edit
| Inflection of kelvata (Kotus type 73*E/salata, p-v gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kelpaan | en kelpaa | 1st sing. | olen kelvannut | en ole kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kelpaat | et kelpaa | 2nd sing. | olet kelvannut | et ole kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kelpaa | ei kelpaa | 3rd sing. | on kelvannut | ei ole kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kelpaamme | emme kelpaa | 1st plur. | olemme kelvanneet | emme ole kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kelpaatte | ette kelpaa | 2nd plur. | olette kelvanneet | ette ole kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kelpaavat | eivät kelpaa | 3rd plur. | ovat kelvanneet | eivät ole kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kelvataan | ei kelvata | passive | on kelvattu | ei ole kelvattu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kelpasin | en kelvannut | 1st sing. | olin kelvannut | en ollut kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kelpasit | et kelvannut | 2nd sing. | olit kelvannut | et ollut kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kelpasi | ei kelvannut | 3rd sing. | oli kelvannut | ei ollut kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kelpasimme | emme kelvanneet | 1st plur. | olimme kelvanneet | emme olleet kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kelpasitte | ette kelvanneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kelvanneet | ette olleet kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kelpasivat | eivät kelvanneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kelvanneet | eivät olleet kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kelvattiin | ei kelvattu | passive | oli kelvattu | ei ollut kelvattu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kelpaisin | en kelpaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kelvannut | en olisi kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kelpaisit | et kelpaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kelvannut | et olisi kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kelpaisi | ei kelpaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kelvannut | ei olisi kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kelpaisimme | emme kelpaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kelvanneet | emme olisi kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kelpaisitte | ette kelpaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kelvanneet | ette olisi kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kelpaisivat | eivät kelpaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kelvanneet | eivät olisi kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kelvattaisiin | ei kelvattaisi | passive | olisi kelvattu | ei olisi kelvattu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kelpaa | älä kelpaa | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kelvatkoon | älköön kelvatko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kelvannut | älköön olko kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kelvatkaamme | älkäämme kelvatko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kelvatkaa | älkää kelvatko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kelvatkoot | älkööt kelvatko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kelvanneet | älkööt olko kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kelvattakoon | älköön kelvattako | passive | olkoon kelvattu | älköön olko kelvattu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kelvannen | en kelvanne | 1st sing. | lienen kelvannut | en liene kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kelvannet | et kelvanne | 2nd sing. | lienet kelvannut | et liene kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kelvannee | ei kelvanne | 3rd sing. | lienee kelvannut | ei liene kelvannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kelvannemme | emme kelvanne | 1st plur. | lienemme kelvanneet | emme liene kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kelvannette | ette kelvanne | 2nd plur. | lienette kelvanneet | ette liene kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kelvannevat | eivät kelvanne | 3rd plur. | lienevät kelvanneet | eivät liene kelvanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kelvattaneen | ei kelvattane | passive | lienee kelvattu | ei liene kelvattu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | kelvata | present | kelpaava | kelvattava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | kelvannut | kelvattu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | kelvatessa | kelvattaessa | agent3 | kelpaama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kelpaamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kelvaten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | kelpaamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | kelpaamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | kelpaamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | kelpaamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | kelpaamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kelpaaman | kelvattaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | kelpaaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms edit
References edit
Further reading edit
- “kelvata”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams edit
Ingrian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *këlbat'ak. Cognates include Finnish kelvata and Estonian kõlvata.
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkelʋɑtɑ/, [ˈke̞ɫʋət]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkelʋɑtɑ/, [ˈke̞ɫʋɑd̥ɑ]
- Rhymes: -elʋɑt, -elʋɑtɑ
- Hyphenation: kel‧va‧ta
Verb edit
kelvata
- (intransitive) to fit
- (intransitive) to suffice
Conjugation edit
| Conjugation of kelvata (type 16/maata, p-v gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kelpaan | en kelpaa | 1st singular | oon kelvant, oon kelvannut | en oo kelvant, en oo kelvannut |
| 2nd singular | kelpaat | et kelpaa | 2nd singular | oot kelvant, oot kelvannut | et oo kelvant, et oo kelvannut |
| 3rd singular | kelpajaa | ei kelpaa | 3rd singular | ono kelvant, ono kelvannut | ei oo kelvant, ei oo kelvannut |
| 1st plural | kelpaamma | emmä kelpaa | 1st plural | oomma kelvanneet | emmä oo kelvanneet |
| 2nd plural | kelpaatta | että kelpaa | 2nd plural | ootta kelvanneet | että oo kelvanneet |
| 3rd plural | kelpajaat1), kelpaavat2), kelvataa | evät kelpaa, ei kelvata | 3rd plural | ovat kelvanneet | evät oo kelvanneet, ei oo kelvattu |
| impersonal | kelvataa | ei kelvata | impersonal | ono kelvattu | ei oo kelvattu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kelpaisin | en kelvant, en kelvannut | 1st singular | olin kelvant, olin kelvannut | en olt kelvant, en olt kelvannut |
| 2nd singular | kelpaisit, kelpaist1) | et kelvant, et kelvannut | 2nd singular | olit kelvant, olit kelvannut | et olt kelvant, et olt kelvannut |
| 3rd singular | kelpais | ei kelvant, ei kelvannut | 3rd singular | oli kelvant, oli kelvannut | ei olt kelvant, ei olt kelvannut |
| 1st plural | kelpaisimma | emmä kelvanneet | 1st plural | olimma kelvanneet | emmä olleet kelvanneet |
| 2nd plural | kelpaisitta | että kelvanneet | 2nd plural | olitta kelvanneet | että olleet kelvanneet |
| 3rd plural | kelpaisiit1), kelpaisivat2), kelvattii | evät kelvanneet, ei kelvattu | 3rd plural | olivat kelvanneet | evät olleet kelvanneet, ei olt kelvattu |
| impersonal | kelvattii | ei kelvattu | impersonal | oli kelvattu | ei olt kelvattu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kelpajaisin | en kelpajais | 1st singular | olisin kelvant, olisin kelvannut | en olis kelvant, en olis kelvannut |
| 2nd singular | kelpajaisit, kelpajaist1) | et kelpajais | 2nd singular | olisit kelvant, olisit kelvannut | et olis kelvant, et olis kelvannut |
| 3rd singular | kelpajais | ei kelpajais | 3rd singular | olis kelvant, olis kelvannut | ei olis kelvant, ei olis kelvannut |
| 1st plural | kelpajaisimma | emmä kelpajais | 1st plural | olisimma kelvanneet | emmä olis kelvanneet |
| 2nd plural | kelpajaisitta | että kelpajais | 2nd plural | olisitta kelvanneet | että olis kelvanneet |
| 3rd plural | kelpajaisiit1), kelpajaisivat2), kelvattais | evät kelpajais, ei kelvattais | 3rd plural | olisivat kelvanneet | evät olis kelvanneet, ei olis kelvattu |
| impersonal | kelvattais | ei kelvattais | impersonal | olis kelvattu | ei olis kelvattu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | kelpaa | elä kelpaa | 2nd singular | oo kelvant, oo kelvannut | elä oo kelvant, elä oo kelvannut |
| 3rd singular | kelvatkoo | elköö kelvatko | 3rd singular | olkoo kelvant, olkoo kelvannut | elköö olko kelvant, elköö olko kelvannut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | kelvatkaa | elkää kelvatko | 2nd plural | olkaa kelvanneet | elkää olko kelvanneet |
| 3rd plural | kelvatkoot | elkööt kelvatko, elköö kelvattako | 3rd plural | olkoot kelvanneet | elkööt olko kelvanneet, elköö olko kelvattu |
| impersonal | kelvattakkoo | elköö kelvattako | impersonal | olkoo kelvattu | elköö olko kelvattu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | kelvannen | en kelvanne | |||
| 2nd singular | kelvannet | et kelvanne | |||
| 3rd singular | kelvannoo | ei kelvanne | |||
| 1st plural | kelvannemma | emmä kelvanne | |||
| 2nd plural | kelvannetta | että kelvanne | |||
| 3rd plural | kelvannoot | evät kelvanne, ei kelvattane | |||
| impersonal | kelvattannoo | ei kelvattane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | kelvata | present | kelpaava | kelvattava | |
| 2nd | inessive | kelvatees | past | kelvant, kelvannut | kelvattu |
| instructive | kelvaten | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (kelvatkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | kelpaamaa | |||
| inessive | kelpaamaas | ||||
| elative | kelpaamast | ||||
| abessive | kelpaamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | kelpaamiin | |||
| partitive | kelpaamista, kelpaamist | ||||
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 152